Summary
The addition of montmorillonite to stationary and shake-cultures of various microorganisms usually increased total biomass formation and accelerated the utilization of nutrients. These effects were noted especially under aerobic conditions and during the initial growth phases. The formation of ethanol by S. cerevisiae and citric acid by A. niger was accelerated, but not significantly increased. manometric measurements with S. cerevisiae showed a higher RQ which increased with increasing montmorillonite concentrations. The relation between biomass formation and glucose consumption indicates a more efficient utilization of the energy source for synthetic processes.
Zusammenfassung
Die Zugabe von Montmorillonit zu Kulturlösungen verschiedener Mikroorganismen ergab bei Schüttel- oder Standkulturen meist eine Steigerung der Biomasse und einen erhöhten Nährstoffverbaruch. Diese Steigerung wurde besonders unter aeroben Verhältnissen und in den ersten Wachstumsphasen beobachtet. Die Bildung von Äthanol durch S. cerevisiae bzw. Citronensäure durch A. niger war beschleunigt, aber nicht wesentlich erhöht. Manometrische Messungen mit S. cerevisiae ergaben in Abhängigkeit von der Montmorillonit-Konzentration einen höheren RQ. Die Relation der Biomasse zu verbrauchter Glucose deutet auf eine bessere Ausnutzung der Energiequelle für synthetische Prozesse hin.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literatur
Ambrž, Z.: Zur Erkennung der Sorption zweier oft im Boden vorkommenden Proteasen. Acta Univ. Agric. Brno 520, 160–167 (1966).
—: On the effect of bentonite on the enzymatic activity of the soil microflora. Rostlinná Výroba (Praha) 15, 209–214 (1969).
Atkinson, D. E.: Regulation of enzyme activity. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 35, 85–124 (1966).
—: The energy charge of the adenylate pool as a regulatory parameter. Interaction with feedback modifiers. Biochemistry 7, 4030–4034 (1968).
Beck, Ch., v. Meyenburg, H. K.: Enzyme pattern and aerobic growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae under various degrees of glucose limitation. J. Bact. 96, 479–486 (1968).
Beutelspacher, H., van der Marel, H. W.: Atlas of electron microscopy of clay minerals and their admixtures. Amsterdam-London-New York: Elsevier 1968.
Conn, H. J., Conn, J. F.: Synthetic soil as a bacteriological culture medium. Soil Sci 52, 121–136 (1941).
Decker, K., Jungermann, K., Thauer, R. K.: Wege der Energiegewinnung in Anaerobiern. Angew. Chem. 82, 153–174 (1970).
Filip, Z.: Effect of small additions of bentonite on the development of some groups of soil microorganisms in liquid culture. Folia microbiol. (Praha) 12, 396 (1967a).
Filip, Z.: Die Beeinflussung einiger Gruppen von Bodenmikroorganismen durch kleine Zugabe von Bentonit in der Sandkultur. Sborn. VŠZ v Praze, A, 83–88 (1967b).
—: The development of microorganisms and the production of humic substances in sand cultures with different bentonite contents. Trans. Internat. Symp. “Humus et Planta IV”, pp. 77–80. Prague, Sept. 1967. Praha: UVTI 1967c.
—: The influence of small supplements of bentonite on the development of certain groups of microorganisms of a soil culture. Rostlinná Výroba (Praha) 14, 209–216 (1968a).
—: Development of microorganisms and humus substances formation in media with different content of bentonite. Pochvovedenie (Mosk.) 9, 55–61 (1968b).
—: Die Ammonisierungsaktivität der Bodenmikroflora in einer Umwelt mit verschiedenem Bentonitgehalt. Zbl. Bakt. II. Abt. 123, 616–621 (1969).
Filip, Z., Haider, K.: Influence of montmorillonite on the growth and humic acid formation by Epicoccum nigrum. 8th Ann. Meet. of the Czech. Microbiol. Soc., Folia microbiol. (Praha) (in press) (1970).
Jakob, H. E., Horn, G.: Über Ergebnisse von kontinuierlichen physiko-chemischen Messungen in wachsenden Bakterienkulturen. Abh. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1964, 320–326.
Killian, H.: Die Penicilline. Freiburg-Aulendorf: Cantor 1948).
Klíma, M., Kubista, K., Leitgeb, S.: Navody pro cviceni ze zemedelske mikrobiologie. Praha: SPN 1963.
Kubista, K.: The influence of bentonite and of aeration on the dynamics of the development of microorganisms in the case of decomposition of Luzerne in a sand culture. Rostlinná Výroba (Praha) 15, 221–228 (1969).
Macura, J., Pavel, L.: The influence of montmorillonite on nitrogen fixation by Azotobacter. Folia microbiol. (Praha) 4, 82–90 (1959).
Meyenburg, H. K. v.: Energetics of the budding cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during glucose limited aerobic growth. Arch. Mikrobiol. 66, 289–303 (1969).
Mokrasch, L. C.: Glukosebestimmung nach der Anthron-Methode. J. biol. Chem. 208, 55–59 (1954).
Neish, A. C.: Chemical procedures for separation and determination of alcohols. In: Methods in enzymology III, (S. P. Colowick and N. O. Kaplan, Eds.), pp. 425–431. New York: Acad. Press 1957.
Nováková, J.: Influence of bentonite and kaolinite on the growth of E. coli. 7th Ann. Meet. of the Czech. Microbiol. Soc. Luhačovice 1968.
Perlman, D.: The chemical environment for fungal growth. In: The Fungi (G. C. Ainsworth and A. S. Sussman, Eds.), Vol. I, pp. 479–489. New York-London: Acad. Press 1965.
Stern, J. R.: Assay of tricarboxylic acids. In: Methods in enzymology (S. P. Colowick and N. O. Kaplan, Eds.), pp. 425–431. New York: Acad. Press 1957.
Stotzky, G.: Influence of clay minerals on microorganisms. II. Effect of various clay species, homoinonics clays and other particles on bacteria. Canad. J. Microbiol. 12, 831–848 (1966a).
—: Influence of clay minerals on microorganisms. III. Effect of particle size, cation exchange, capacity and surface area on bacteria. Canad. J. Microbiol. 12, 1235–1246 (1966b).
— Rem, L. T.: Influence of clay minerals on microorganisms. I. Montmorillonite and kaolinite on bacteria. Canad. J. Microbiol. 12, 547–563 (1966).
——: Influence of clay minerals on microorganisms. IV. Montmorillonite and kaolinite on fungi. Canad. J. Microbiol. 13, 1535–1550 (1967).
Vágner, M.: About the stimulation effect of bentonite. 8th Ann. Meet. of the Czech. Microbiol. Soc., Folia microbiol. (Praha) (in press) (1970).
Wallhäuser, K. H., Huber, G.: Biologische Wirkungen der Antibiotica. Biochem. Taschenbuch, H. M. Rauen, Ed., S. 626–641. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1964.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Abkürzung: Montmorillonit wird im Text als M bezeichnet.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Haider, K., Filip, Z. & Martin, J.P. Einfluß von Montmorillonit auf die Bildung von Biomasse und Stoffwechselzwischenprodukten durch einige Mikroorganismen. Arch. Mikrobiol. 73, 201–215 (1970). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00410621
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00410621