Abstract
As hard carbons are heat-treated under pressure (1 h, 5 kbar) an intermediate thermally stable carbon phase (d 00.2=3.39Å, turbostratic) appears above 1100° C. Its proportion increases up to 1600 or 1700° C depending in the initial sample (saccharose or glassycarbon). The morphology of this new phase has been determined by HREM to be similar to crumpled sets of paper sheets, it is thus highly porous. When heat-treated under pressure above 1600 or 1700° C, this phase is suddenly transformed into graphite, i.e. the porous texture flattens into lamellae.
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De Fonton, S., Oberlin, A. & Inagaki, M. Characterization by electron microscopy of carbon phases (intermediate turbostratic phase and graphite) in hard carbons when heat-treated under pressure. J Mater Sci 15, 909–917 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00552102
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00552102