References
Krevsky B, Malmud LS, D'ercole F, Maurer AH, Fisher RS: Colonic transit scintigraphy, a physiologic approach to the quantitative measurement of colonic transit in humans. Gastroenterology 91:1102–1112, 1986
Hinton JM, Lennard-Jones JE, Young AC: A new method for studying gut transit times using radioopaque markers. Gut 10:842–847, 1969
Metcalf AM, Phillips SF, Zinsmeister AR, MacCarty RL, Beart RW, Wolff BG: Simplified assessment of segmental colonic transit. Gastroenterology 92:40–47, 1987
Arhan P, Devroede G, Jehannin B, Lanza M, Faverdin C, Dornic C, Persoz B, Tetreault L, Perey B, Pellerin D: Segmental colonic transit time. Dis Colon Rectum 24:625–629, 1981.
Waller S: Differential measurement of small and large bowel transit times in constipation and diarrhea: A new approach. Gut 16:372–378, 1975
Connell AM, Logan CJH: The role of gastrin in gastroileocolic responses. Am J Dig Dis 12:277–284, 1967
Moreno-Osset E, Bazzochhi G, Trombley B, Ristow E, Reddy SN, Villanueva-Meyer J, Fain JW, Jing J, Mena I, Snape WJJ: Association between postprandial changes in colonic intraluminal pressure and transit. Gastroenterology 96:1265–1273, 1989
Bazzocchi G, Ellis J, Villanueva-Meyer J, Jing J, Reddy SN, Mena I, Snape WJJ: Postprandial colonic transit and motor activity in chronic constipation. Gastroenterology 98:686–693, 1990
Sethi AK, Sarna SK: Relationship between colonic motor activity and transit. Gastroenterology 1991 (abstract) (in press)
Weems WA, Weisbrodt NW: Ideal and colonic propulsive behavior: contribution of enteric neural circuits. Am J Physiol 250 (Gastrointest Liver Physiol 13): G653-G659, 1986
Flourie B, Phillips S, Richter HI, Azpiroz F: Cyclic motility in canine colon: Responses to feeding and perfusion. Dig Dis Sci 34(8):1185–1192, 1989
Holdstock DJ, Misiewicz JJ: Factors controlling colonic motility: Colonic pressures and transit after meals in patients with total gastrectomy, pernicious anemia and duodenal ulcer. Gut 11:100–110, 1970
Meshkinpour H, Dinoso VP Jr, Lorber SH: Effect of intraduodenal administration of essential amino acids and sodium oleate on motor activity of the sigmoid colon. Gastroenterology 66:373–377, 1974
Wiley J, Tatum D, Keinath R, Owyang C: Participation of gastric mechanoreceptors and intestinal chemoreceptors in the gastrocolonic response. Gastroenterology 94:1144–1149, 1988
Connell AM, Logan CJH: The role of gastrin in gastroileocolic responses. Am J Dig Dis 12:277–284, 1967
Dinoso VP Jr, Murthy SNS, Goldstein J, Rosner B: Basal motor activity of the distal colon: A reappraisal. Gastroenterology 85:637–642, 1983
Sarna SK, Latimer P, Campbell D, Waterfall W: The effects of stress, meal and neostigmine on rectosigmoid motility in normals.In Motility of the Digestive Tract. M. Wienbeck (ed). New York, Raven Press, 1982, pp. 499–511
Snape WJ Jr, Matarazzo SA, Cohen S: Effect of eating and gastrointestinal hormones on human colonic myoelectrical and motor activity. Gastroenterology 75:373–378, 1978
Snape WJ Jr, Wright SH, Battle WM, Cohen S: The gastrocolic response: Evidence for a neural mechanism. Gastroenterology 77:1235–1240, 1979
Misiewicz JJ, Connell AM, Pontes FA: Comparison of the effect of meals and prostigmine on the proximal and distal colon in patients with and without diarrhoea. Gut 7:468–473, 1966
Kerlin P, Zinsmeister A, Phillips S: Motor responses to food of the ileum, proximal colon, and distal colon of healthy humans. Gastroenterology 84:762–770, 1983
Kock NG, Hultén L, Leandoer L: A study of the motility in different parts of the human colon. Resting activity, response to feeding and to prostigmine. Scand J Gastroenterol 3:163–169, 1968
Bassotti G, Imbimbo BP, Gaburri M, Daniotti S, Morelli A: Transverse and sigmoid colon motility in healthy humans: Effects of eating and of cimetropium bromide. Digestion 37:59–64, 1987
Reynolds JC, Ouyang A, Lee CA, Baker L, Sunshine AG, Cohen S: Chronic severe constipation. Prospective motility studies in 25 consecutive patients. Gastroenterology 92:414–420, 1987
Wright SH, Snape WJ Jr, Battle W, Cohen S, London RL: Effect of dietary components on gastrocolonic response. Am J Physiol (Gastrointest Liver Physiol 1) 238:G228-G232, 1980
Battle WM, Cohen S, Snape WJ Jr: Inhibition of postprandial colonic motility after ingestion of an amino acid mixture. Dig Dis Sci 25(9):647–652, 1980
Sun EA, Snape WJ Jr, Cohen S, Renny A: The role of opiate receptors and cholinergic neurons in the gastrocolonic response. Gastroenterology 82:689–693, 1982
Levinson S, Bhasker M, Gibson TR, Morin R, Snape WJ Jr: Comparison of intraluminal and intravenous mediators of colonic response to eating. Dig Dis Sci 30:33–39, 1985
Tansy MF, Kendall FM, Murphy JJ: The reflex nature of the gastrocolic propulsive response in the dog. Surg Gynecol Obstet 135:404, 1972
Narducci F, Bassotti G, Daniotti S, Del Soldato P, Pelli MA, Morelli A: Identification of muscarinic receptor subtype mediating colonic response to eating. Dig Dis Sci 30(2):124–128, 1985
Meshkinpour H, Harmon D, Thompson R, Yu J: Impact of neodecortication on colon motor response to a meal in the rat. Dig Dis Sci 32(7):743–746, 1987
Connell AM, Logan CJH: The role of gastrin in gastroileocolic responses. Am J Dig Dis New Series. 12(3):277–284, 1967
Renny A, Snape WJ Jr, Sun EA, London R, Cohen S: Role of cholecystokinin in the gastrocolonic response to a fat meal. Gastroenterology 85:17–21, 1983
Dapoigny M, Sarna SK, Koch TR: Effect of physical exercise on colonic motor activity and defecation. Gastroenterology 1990 (in press)
Wald A, Van Thiel DH, Hoechstetter L, Gavaler JS, Egler KM, Verm R, Scott L, Lester R: Gastrointestinal transit: The effect of the menstrual cycle. Gastroenterology 80:1497–1500, 1981
Ryan JP, Bhojwani A: Colonic transit in rats: Effect of ovariectomy, sex steroid hormones, and pregnancy. Am J Physiol (Gastrointest Liver Physiol) 14:G46-G50, 1986
Bruce LA, Beshudi FM: Increased gastrointestinal motilityin vitro following chronic estrogen treatment in male rats. Proc. Soc. Exp Biol Med 166:355–359, 1981
Bruce LA, Behsudi FM: Differential inhibition of regional gastrointestinal tissue to progesterone in the rat. Life Sci 27:427–434, 1980
Gill RC, Bowes KL, Kingma YJ: Effect on progesterone on canine colonic smooth muscle. Gastroenterology 88:1941–1947, 1985
Hyams DE: Gastrointestinal problems in the old. Br Med J 1:107–110, 1974
Milne JS, Williamson J: Bowel habit in older people. Gerontol Clin 14:56–60, 1972
Steinheber FU: Interpretation of gastrointestinal symptoms in the elderly. Med Clin North Am 60:1141–1157, 1976
Connell AM, Hilton C: Irvine G, Lennard-Jones JE, Misiewicz JJ: Variation of bowel habit in two population samples. Br Med J 2:1095–1099, 1965
McDougal JN, Miller MS, Burks TF, Kreulen DL: Agerelated changes in colonic function in rats. Am J Physiol (Gastroenterol Liver Physiol 10) 247:G542-G546, 1984
Woods JH, Erickson LW, Condon RE, Schulte WJ, Sillin LF: Postoperative ileus: A colonic problem? Surgery 84:527–533, 1978
Wilson JP: Postoperative motility of the large intestine in man. Gut 16:689–692, 1975
Graber JN, Schulte WJ, Condon RE, Cowles VE: The duration of post operative ileus related to the extent and site of operative dissection. Surg Forum 31:141–144, 1980
Dubois A, Weise VK, Kopin IJ: Postoperative ileus in the rat: physiopathology, etiology and treatment. Ann Surg 178(6):781–786, 1972
Smith J, Kelly IA: Pathophysiology of postoperative ileus. Surgery 112:203–209, 1977
Catchpole BN: Illeus: Use of sympathetic blocking agents in its treatment. Surgery 66(5):811–820, 1969
Heimbach DM, Crout JR: Treatment of paralytic ileus with adrenergic neuronal blocking drugs. Surgery 69(4):582–587, 1971
Condon RE, Frantzides CT, Cowles VE, Mahoney JL, Schulte WJ, Sarna SK: Resolution of postoperative ileus in humans. Ann Surg 203:574–581, 1986
Waldhausen JHT, Shaffrey ME, Skenderis BS II, Jones RS, Schirmer BD: Gastrointestinal myoelectric and clinical patterns of recovery after lapotomy. Ann Surg 211(6):777–785, 1990
Sarna SK, Bowes KL, Daniel EE: Post-operative gastric electrical control activity in man. Proc IV Int Symp Gastrointest Motil 73–83, 1973
Flourié B, Lémann M, Nicolov S, Jian R, Franchisseur C, Rambaud JC: Colonic motility: A new technique of intraluminal pressure recording in the whole and unprepared human colon. Gastrointest Motil 1(1):60, 1989
Drossman DA, Sandler RS, McKee DC, Lovitz AJ: Bowel patterns among subjects not seeking health care. Gastroenterology 83:529–534, 1982
Shouler P, Keighley MRB: Changes in colorectal function in severe idiopathic chronic constipation. Gastroenterology 90:414–420, 1986
Watier A, Devroede G, Duranceau A, Abdel-Rahman M, Duguay C, Forand MD, Tétreault L, Arhan P, Lamarche J, Elhilali M: Constipation with colonic inertia. A manifestation of systemic disease? Dig Dis Sci 28:1025–1033, 1983
Martelli H, Devroede G, Arhan P, Duguay C: Mechanisms of idiopathic constipation: Outlet obstruction. Gastroenterology 75:623–631, 1978
Barnes PRH, Lennard-Jones JE: Balloon expulsion from the rectum in constipation of different types. Gut 26:1049–1052, 1985
Read NW, Timms JM, Barfield LJ, Donnelly TC, Bannister JJ: Impairment of defaecation in young women with severe constipation. Gastroenterology 90:53–60, 1986
Loening-Baucke VA: Abnormal rectoanal function in children recovered from chronic constipation and encopresis. Gastroenterology 87:1299–1304, 1984
Wald A: Colonic transit and anorectal manometry in chronic idiopathic constipation. Arch Intern Med 146:1713–1716, 1986
Waldron D, Bowes KL, Kingma YJ, Cote KR: Colonic and anorectral motility in young women with severe idiopathic constipation. Gastroenterology 95:1388–1394, 1988
Ducrotte P, Rodomanska B, Weber J, Guillard JF, Lerebours E, Hecketsweiler P, Galmiche JP, Colin R, Denis P: Colonic transit time of radiopaque markers and rectoanal manometry in patients complaining of constipation. Dis Colon Rectum 29:630–34, 1986
Preston DM, Lennard-Jones JE, Thomas BM: The balloon proctogram. Br J Surg 71:29–32, 1984
Jones PN, Lubowski DZ, Swash M, Henry MM: Is paradoxical contraction of puborectalis muscle of functional importance? Dis Colon Rectum 30:677–680, 1987
Rutter KRP, Riddell R: The solitary ulcer syndrome of the rectum. Clin Gastroenterol 4:505–530, 1975
Lahr CJ, Cherry DA, Jensen LL, Rothenberger DA: Balloon sphincterography. Clinical findings after 200 patients. Dis Colon Rectum 31(5):347–351, 1988
Duhamel B: Physiopathology of the internal anal sphincter. Arch Dis Child 44:377–381, 1969
Yoshioka K, Keighly MRB: Randomized trial comparing anorectal myectomy and controlled anal dilation for outlet obstruction. Br J Surg 74:1125–1129, 1987
Hinton JM, Lennard-Jones JE, Young AC: A new method for studying gut transit times using radio-opaque markers. Gut 10:842–847, 1969
Metcalf AM, Phillips SF, Zinsmeister AR, MacCarty RL, Beart RW, Wolff BG: Simplified assessment of segmental colonic transit. Gastroenterology 92:40–47, 1987
Lanfranchi GA, Bazzocchi G, Brignola C, Campieri M, Labo G: Different patterns of intestinal transit time and anorectal motility in painful and painless chronic constipation. Gut 25:1352–1357, 1984
Connell AM. The motility of the pelvic colon. Part II. Paradoxical motility in diarrhoea and constipation. Gut 3:342–348, 1962
Meunier P, Rochas A, Lambert R: Motor activity of the sigmoid colon in chronic constipation: Comparative study with normal subjects. Gut 20:1095–1101, 1979
Wangel AG, Deller DJ: Intestinal motility in man. III. mechanisms of constipation and diarrhea with particular reference to the irritable colon syndrome. Gastroenterology 48(1):69–84, 1965
Frieri G, Parisi F, Corazziari E, Caprilli R: Colonic electromyography in chronic constipation. Gastroenterology 84:737–740, 1983
Waller SL, Misiewicz JJ, Kiley N: Effect of eating on motility of the pelvic colon in constipation or diarrhoea. Gut 13:805–811, 1972
Smith B, Grace RH, Todd IP. Organic constipation in adults. Br J Surg 64:313–314, 1977
Rieman JF, Schmidt H, Zimmerman W: The fine structure of colonic submucosal nerves in patients with chronic laxative abuse. Gastroenterology 15:761–768, 1980
Krishnamurthy S, Schuffler MD, Rohrmann CA, Pope CE II: Severe idiopathic constipation is associated with a distinctive abnormality of the colonic myeteric plexus. Gastroenterology 88:26–34, 1985
Bassotti G, Gaburri M, Imbimbo BP, Rossi L, Farroni F, Pelli MA, Morelli A: Colonic mass movements in idiopathic chronic constipation. Gut 29:1173–1179, 1988
Crowell MD, Whitehead WE, Cheskin LJ, Schuster MM: Twenty-four hour ambulatory monitoring of peristaltic activity from the colon in normals and constipation-predominant IBS patients. Gastroenterology 96(5):A103, 1989
Leon SH, Krishnamurthy S, Schuffler MD: Subtotal colectomy for severe idiopathic constipation. A follow-up study of 13 patients. Dig Dis Sci 32(11):1249–1254, 1987
Belliveau P, Goldberg SM, Rothenberger DA, Nivatvongs S: Idiopathic acquired megacolon: The value of subtotal colectomy. Dis Colon Rectum 25:118–121, 1982
Lane RHS, Todd IP: Idiopathic megacolon: A review of 42 cases. Br J Surg 64:305–310, 1977
Preston DM, Hawley PR, Lennard-Jones JE, Todd IP: Results of colectomy for severe idiopathic constipation in women (Arbuthnot Lanes disease). Br J Surg. 71:547–552, 1984
Cowles VE, Sarna SK: Effect of T.spiralis infection on intestinal motor activity in the fasted state. Am J Physiol (Gastrointest Liver Physiol 22):G693-G701, 1990
Cowles VE, Sarna SK: Effect of cholera toxin on small intestinal motor activity in the fed state. Dig Dis Sci 33:353–359, 1990
Schang JC, Hemond M, Hebert M, Pilote M: Changes in colonic myoelectric spiking activity during stimulation by bisacodyl. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 65:39–43, 1986
Sethi AK, Sarna SK: Colonic motor activity in acute ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 96:A463, 1989
Kern FJ, Almy TP, Abbot FK, Bogdonoff MD: The motility of the distal colon in non-specific ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 19(3):492–503, 1951
Spriggs EA, Code CF, Bargen JA, Curtiss RK, Hightower NC Jr: Motility of the pelvic colon and rectum of normal persons and patients with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 19(3):480–491, 1951
Christensen J, Weisbrodt NW, Hauser RL: Electrical slow wave of the proximal colon of the cat in diarrhea. Gastroenterology 62:1167–1173, 1972
Wienbeck M, Kreuzpaintner G: Experimental diarrhea in the unanesthetized cat. Differential effects of laxatives on the electrical activity of the colon.In Proceedings, 5th Symposium on Gastrointestinal Motility. G Vantrappen (ed) Herentals, Belgium, Typoff, 1975
Frexinos J, Staumont G, Fioramonti J, Bueno L: Effects of sennosides on colonic myoelectric activity in man. Dig Dis Sci 34:214–219, 1989
Read NW, Harford WV, Schmulen AC, Read MG, Ana CS, Fordtran JS: A clinical study of patients with fecal incontinence and diarrhea. Gastroenterology 76:747–756, 1979
Cann PA, Read NW, Brown C, Hobson N, Holdsworth CD: Irritable bowel syndrome: Relationship of disorders in the transit of a single solid meal to symptom patterns. Gut 24:405–411, 1983
Whorwell PJ, Clouter C, Smith CL: Oesophageal motility in the irritable bowel syndrome. Br Med J 282:3–4, 1981
Whorwell PJ, Lutpon EW, Erduran D, Wilson K: Bladder smooth muscle dysfunction in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Gut 27:1014–1017, 1986
Snape WJ Jr, Carlson GM, Matarazzo SA, Cohen S: Evidence that abnormal myoelectrical activity produces colonic motor dysfunction in the irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 72:383–387, 1977
Taylor I, Darby C, Hammond P, Basu P: Is there a myoelectrical abnormality in the irritable colon syndrome? Gut 19:391–395, 1978
Taylor I, Darby C, Hammond P: Comparison of rectosigmoid myoelectrical activity in the irritable colon syndrome during relapses and remissons. Gut 19:923–929, 1978
Taylor I, Darby C, Hyland J, Hammond P: Changes in myoelectrical activity in the irritable colon syndrome with prolonged treatment. Scand J Gastroenterol 15:237–240, 1980
Sarna SK, Latimer P, Campbell D, Waterfall WE: Effects of stress, meal and neostigmine on rectosigmoid electrical control activity (ECA) in normals and in irritable bowel syndrome patients. Dig Dis Sci 27:582–591, 1982
Whitehead WE, Engel BT, Schuster MM: Irritable bowel syndrome. Physiological and psychological differences between diarrhea-predominant and constipation-predominant patients. Dig Dis Sci 25:404–412, 1980
Sullivan MA, Cohen S, Snape SJ Jr: Colonic myoelectric activity in irritable-bowel syndrome. Effect of eating and anticholinergics. N Engl J Med 298:878–883, 1978
Chaudhary NA, Truelove SC: Human colonic motility: A comparative study of normal subjects, patients with ulcerative colitis, and patients with the irritable colon syndrome. I. Resting patterns in motility. Gastroenterology 40:1–17, 1961
Hislop IG: Psychological significance of the irritable bowel syndrome. Gut 12:452–457, 1971
Almy TP, Tulin M: Alterations in colonic function in man under stress: Experimental production of changes simulating the “irritable colon” Gastroenterology 8:616–626, 1947
Liss JL, Alpers D, Woodruff RA Jr: The irritable colon syndrome and psychiatric illness. Dis Nerv Syst 34:217–223, 1973
Esler MD, Goulston KJ: Levels of anxiety in colonic disorders. N Engl J Med 288:16–20, 1973
Mendeloff AI, Monk M, Siegel CI, Lilienfeld A: Illness experience and life stresses in patients with irritable colon and with ulcerative colitis. An epidemiologic study of ulcerative colitis and regional enteritis in Baltimore, 1960–1964. N Engl J Med. 282:14–17, 1970
Whitehead WE, Bosmajian L, Zonderman AB, Costa PT Jr, Schuster MM: Symptoms of psychologic distress associated with irritable bowel syndrome. Comparison of community and medical clinic samples. Gastroenterology 95:709–714, 1988
Frexinos J, Fioramonti J, Bueno L: Colonic myoelectrical activity in IBS painless diarrhoea. Gut 18:1613–1618, 1987
Kellow JE, Phillips SF: Altered small bowel motility in irritable bowel syndrome is correlated with symptoms. Gastroenterology 92:1885–1893, 1987
Holdstock DJ, Misiewicz JJ, Waller SL: Observations on the mechanism of abdominal pain. Gut 10:19–31, 1969
Horowitz L, Farrar JT: Intraluminal small intestinal pressures in normal patients and in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders. Gastroenterology 42:455–464, 1962
Connell AM, Jones FA, Rowlands EN: Motility of the pelvic colon. IV. Abdominal pain associated with colonic hypermotility after meals. Gut 6:105–112, 1965
Chaudhary NA, Truelove SC: Human colonic motility: A comparative study of normal subjects, patients with ulcerative colitis, and patients with the irritable colon syndrome. I. Resting patterns of motility. II. The effect of prostigmin. III. Effects of emotions. Gastroenterology 40:1–36, 1961
Ritchie J: Pain from distension of the pelvic colon by inflating a balloon in the irritable colon syndrome. Gut 14:125–132, 1973
Ehrenpreis T: Megacolon in the newborn: a clinical and roentgenological study with special regard to the pathogenesis. Acta Chir Scand Suppl 12:1–114, 1946
Rogawski MA, Goodrich JT, Gershon MD, Touloukian RJ: Hirschsprung's disease: Absence of serotonergic neurons in the aganglionic colon. J Pediatr Surg. 13(6D):608–615, 1978
Weinberg AG: Hirschsprung's disease: A pathologist's viewpoint. Perspect Pediatr Pathol 2:207–239, 1975
Schnaufer L, Talbert JL, Haller JA, Reid NCRW, Tobon F, Schuster MM: Differential sphincteric studies in the diagnosis of ano-rectal disorders of childhood. J Pediatr Surg 2:544–552, 1967
Faverdin C, Dornic C, Arhan P, Devroede G, Jehannin B, Revillon Y, Pellerin D: Quantitative analysis of anorectal pressures in Hirschsprung's disease. Dis Colon Rectum 24:422–427, 1981
Howard ER, Nixon HH: Internal anal sphincter: observations on development and mechanisms of inhibitory responses in premature infants and children with Hirschsprung's disease. Arch Dis Child 43:569–578, 1968
Lawson JON, Nixon HH: Anal canal pressures in the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease. J Pediatr Surg 2:544–552, 1967
Suster G, Kim IC, Barbero GJ: Rectal motility patterns in infants and children with aganglionic megacolon. Am J Dis Child 119:484–497, 1970
Whitehouse FR, Kernohan JW: Myenteric plexus in congenital megacolon: study of 11 cases. Arch Intern Med 82:75–111, 1948
Smith B: Myenteric plexus in Hirschsprung's disease. Gut 8:308–312, 1967
Garrett JR, Howard ER, Nixon HH: Autonomic nerves in rectum and colon in Hirschsprung's disease. Arch Dis Child. 44:406–417, 1969
Robertson HE, Kernohan JW: The myenteric plexus in congenital megacolon. Proc Mayo Clin 13:123–125, 1938
Howard EG, Garrett JR: Electron microscopy in myenteric nerves in Hirschsprung's disease and in normal bowel. Gut 11:1007–1014, 1970
Rothman TP, Gershon MD: Regionally defective colonization of the terminal bowel by the precursors of enteric neurons in lethal spotted mutant mice. Neuroscience 12:1293–1311, 1984
Rothman TP, Tennyson VM, Gershon MD: Colonization of the bowel by the precursors of enteric glia: Studies of normal and congenitally aganglionic mutant mice. J Comp Neurol 252:493–506, 1986
Rao SSC, Read NW: Gastrointestinal motility in patients with ulcerative colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 25(suppl 172):22–28, 1990
Meier-Ruge W: Das Megacolon: Seine Diagnose und Pathophysiologie. Virchows Arch Abt A Pathol Anat. 355:67–85, 1968
Gannon BJ, Noblet HR, Burnstock G: Adrenergic innervation of bowel in Hirschsprung's disease. Br Med J 3:338–340, 1969
Ehrenpreis T, Nordberg K-A, Wirsen C: Sympathetic innervation of the colon in Hirschsprung's disease: A histochemical study. J Pediatr Surg 3:43–49, 1968
Touloukian RJ, Aghajanian G, Roth RH: Adrenergic hyper-activity of the aganglionic colon. J Pediatr Surg 8(2):191–195, 1973
Larsson LT, Malmfors G, Sundler F: Peptidergic innervation in Hirschsprung's disease. Z Kinderchir 38:301–304, 1983
Tsuto T, Okamura H, Fukui K, Obata HL, Terubayashi H, Iwai N, Majima S, Yanaihara N, Ibata Y: An immunohistochemical investigation of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the colon of patients with Hirschsprung's disease. Neurosci Lett 34:57–62, 1982
Kubota M, Itoh Y, Ikeda K: Membrane properties and innervation of smooth muscle cells in Hirschsprung's disease. Am J Physiol 244:G406-G415, 1983
Ehrenpreis T, Pernow B: On the occurrence of substance P in the rectosigmoid in Hirschsprung's disease. Acta Physiol Scand 27:380–388, 1953
Dupont C, Navarro J, Chenut B, Rosselin G: Modifications of VIP intestinal content associated with abnormal nervous myenteric plexus: A biological feature of chronic intestinal obstruction. J Pediatr 96:1037–1039, 1980
Bishop AE, Polak JM, Lake BD, Bryant MG, Bloom SR: Abnormalities of the colonic regulatory peptides in Hirschsprung's disease. Histopathology 5:679–688, 1981
Frigo GM, Del Tacca M, Lecchini S, Crema A: Some observations on the intrinsic nervous mechanism in Hirschspring's disease. Gut 14:35–40, 1973
Wood JD: Electrical activity of the intestine of mice with hereditary megacolon and absence of enteric ganglion cells. Am J Dig Dis 18(5):477–488, 1973
Wright PG, Shepherd JJ: Response to drugs of isolated human colonic muscle from a case of Hirschsprung's disease. Lancet 2:1161–1164, 1965
Brann L, Wood JD: Motility of the large intestine of piebald-lethal mice. Am J Dig Dis 21(8):633–640, 1976
Kubota M, Koch TR, Telander RL, Kaufman B, Go VLW, Szurszewski JH: Inhibitory innervation of the aganglionic segment in Hirschsprung's disease. Gastroenterology 88(5):1458, 1985
Davidson M, Sleisenger MH, Almy TP, Levine SZ: Studies of distal colonic motility in children. II. Propulsive activity in diarrheal states. Pediatr 17:820–832, 1956
Rao SSC, Read NW, Brown C, Bruce C, Holdsworth CD: Studies on the mechanism of bowel disturbance in ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 93:934–940, 1987
Farthing MJG, Lennard-Jones JE: Sensibility of the rectum to distension and the anorectal distension reflex in ulcerative colitis. Gut 19:64–69, 1978
Denis P, Colin R, Galmiche JP, Geffroy Y, Hecketsweiler P, Lefrancois P: Pasquis. Elastic properties of the rectal wall in normal adults and in patients with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 77:45–48, 1979
Rao SSC, Read NW, Stobart JAH, Haynes WG, Benjamin S, Holdsworth CD: Anorectal contractility under basal conditions and during rectal infusion of saline in ulcerative colitis. Gut 29:769–777, 1988
Rao SSC, Read NW: Gastrointestinal motility in patients with ulcerative colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 25(suppl 172):22–28, 1990
Snape WJ Jr, Matarazzo SA, Cohen S: Abnormal gastrocolonic response in patients with ulcerative colitis. Gut 21:392–396, 1980
Storsteen KA, Kernohan JW, Bargen JA: The nyenteric plexus in chronic ulcerative colitis. Surg Gynecol Obstet 97:335–343, 1953
Okamoto E, Kakutani T, Iwasaki T, Namba M, Ueda T: Morphological studies on the myenteric plexus of the colon in chronic ulcerative colitis. Med J Osaka Univ 15:85–105, 1964
Verity MA, Mellinkoff SM, Frandland M, Greipel M: Serotonin content and argentaffin and paneth cell changes in ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 43:24–31, 1962
Ahonen A, Kyosola K, Penttila O: Enterochromaffin cells and macrophages in ulcerative colitis and irritable colon. Ann Clin Res 8:1–7, 1976
Kyosola K, Penttila O, Salaspuro M: Rectal mucosal adrenergic innervation and enterochromaffin cells in ulcerative colitis and irritable colon. Scand J Gastroenterol 12:363–367, 1977
Koch TR, Carney JA, Go VLW: Distribution and quantitation of gut neuropeptides in normal intestine and inflammatory bowel diseases. Dig Dis Sci 32:369–376, 1987
Koch TR, Michener SR, Carney JA, Go VLW: Decreased colonic peptide histidine-methionine in idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases. Dig Dis Sci 33:423–428, 1988
Koch TR, Carney JA, Morris VA, Go VLW: Somatostatin in the idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases. Dis Colon Rectum 31:198–203, 1988
Peskar BM, Kozuschek W, Morgenroth K, Hoppe K, Dreyling W, Peskar BA: Leukotrienesynthese durch gastrointestinale gewebe und ihre pharmacologische beeinflussung. Wien Klin Wochenschr 98:98–104, 1986
Sharon P, Stenson WF: Enhanced synthesis of leukotriene B4 by colonic mucosa in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 86:853–860, 1984
Burakoff R, Nastos E, Won S, Percy WH: Comparison of the effects of leukotrienes B4 and D4 on distal colonic motility in the rabbitin vivo. Am J Physiol (Gastrointest Liver Physiol 20) 257:G860-G864, 1989
Arfwidsson S, Dock NG: Pathogenesis of multiple diverticula of the sigmoid colon in diverticular disease. Acta Chir Scand Suppl 342:5–68, 1964
Almy TP, Howell A: Diverticular disease of the colon. N Engl J Med. 302:324–331, 1980
Painter NS, Truelove SC: The intraluminal pressure patterns in diverticulosis of the colon. I. Resting patterns of pressure. Gut 5:201–213, 1964
Parks TG, Connell AM: Motility studies in diverticular disease of the colon. Gut 10:534–542, 1969
Painter NS, Truelove SC, Ardran GM, Tuckey M: Segmentation and the localization of intraluminal pressures in the human colon, with special reference to the pathogenesis of colonic diverticula. Gastroenterology 49:169–177, 1965
Slack WW. The anatomy, pathology and some clinical features of diverticulosis of the colon. Br J Surg 50:185–190, 1962
Sugihara K, Muto T, Morioka Y: Motility study in right sided diverticular disease of the colon. Gut 24:1130–1134, 1983
Meyers MA, Volbert F, Katzen B, Alonso D, Abbot G: The angioarchitecture of colonic diverticular. Radiology 108:249–261, 1973
Morson BC: The muscle abnormality in diverticular disease of the sigmoid colon. Br J Radiol 36:385–392, 1963
Trotman IF, Misiewicz JJ: Sigmoid motility in diverticular disease and the irritable bowel syndrome. Gut 29:218–222, 1988
Gear JSS, Ware A, Fursdon P, Mann JI, Nolan DJ, Brodribb AJM, Vessey MP: Symptomless diverticular disease and intake of dietary fibre. Lancet 1:511–514, 1979
Ornstein MH, Littlewood, ER, McLean, Baird I, Fowler J, North WRS, Cox AG: Are fibre supplements really necessary in diverticular disease of the colon? A controlled clinical trial. Br Med J 282(1353):1–8, 1981
Taylor I, Duthie HL: Bran tablets and diverticular disease. Br Med J 1:988–990, 1976
Eastwood MA, Smith N, Brydon WG, Pritchard J: Comparison of bran, ispaghula and lactulose on colon function in diverticular disease. Gut 19:1144–1147, 1978
Devroede G, Vobecky JS, Vobecky JM, Beaudry R, Haddad H, Navert H, Perey B, Poisson J: Medical management of diverticular disease: A random trial. Gastroenterology 72:A134, 1977
Hodgson JWB: The placebo effect; is it important in diverticular disease? Am J Gastroenterol 67:157–162, 1977
Weber J, Grise P, Roquebert M, Hellot MF, Mihout B, Samson M, Beuret-Blanquart F, Pasquis P, Denis P: Radiopaque markers transit and anorectal manometry in 16 patients with multiple sclerosis and urinary bladder dysfunction. Dis Colon Rectum 30:95–100, 1987
Glick ME, Meshkinpour H, Haldeman S, Bhatia NN, Bradley WE: Colonic dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. Gastroenterology 83:1002–1007, 1982
Whitehead WE, Taitelbaum G, Wigley FM, Schuster, MM. Rectosigmoid motility and myoelectric activity in progressive systemic sclerosis. Gastroenterology 96:428–432, 1989
Battle WM, Snape WJJ, Alavi A, Cohen S, Braunstein S: Colonic dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. Gastroenterology 79:1217, 1980
Battle WM, Snape WJ, Wright S: Abnormal colonic motility in progressive systemic sclerosis. Ann Intern Med 94:749–752, 1981
Aaronson MD, Freed MM, Burakoff R: Colonic myoelectric activity in persons with spinal cord injury. Dig Dis Sci 30(4):295–300, 1985
Glick ME, Meshkinpour H, Haldeman S, Hoehler F, Downey N, Bradley W: Colonic dysfunction in patients with thoracic spinal cord injury. Gastroenterology 86:287–94, 1984
Du C, Ferre JP, Ruckebusch Y: Spinal cord influences on the colonic myoelectrical activity of fed and fasted rats. J Physiol 383:395–404, 1987
Courturier D, Roze C, Turpin MH, Debray C: Electromyography of the colon in situ. An experimental study in man and in the rabbit. Gastroenterology 56:317–322, 1969
Snape WJ Jr, Carlson GM, Cohen S: Colonic myoelectric activity in the irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 70:326–330, 1976
Hyland JMP, Darby CF, Hammond P, Taylor I: Myoelectrical activity of the sigmoid colon in patients with diverticular disease and the irritable colon syndrome suffering from diarrhoea. Digestion 20:293–299, 1980
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This work was supported in part by grant DK32346 from the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, and Veterans Administration Research Service.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sarna, S.K. Physiology and pathophysiology of colonic motor activity. Digest Dis Sci 36, 998–1018 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01297155
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01297155