Abstract
An extensive experimental investigation of the Fe-Al-Ti system by metallography, microprobe analysis, and XRD on quenched specimens and on diffusion couples is presented. Two isothermal sections at 800 and 1000 °C were established; they differ substantially from the existing (800 °C) or partly determined (1000 °C) diagrams. From these results, existence of the τ1 phase (Fe2AlTi) can be ruled out. Existence of the ternary compounds, τ2 (Al2FeTi) and τ3 (Al22Fe3Ti8), is confirmed. The composition limits of both phases were determined; they differ considerably from those given in earlier reports. The τ2 phase apparently exists in a cubic and a tetragonal polymorph, depending on composition. The cubic form exists at high titanium contents. At 1000 °C, the two polymorphs are separated by a miscibility gap. At compositions where the “X phase” (Al69Fe25Ti6) was previously reported, single-phase samples were obtained at both temperatures. From the present results, there is no evidence to assume that this is a new ternary phase rather than the ternary homogeneity range of the Al3Fe phase. In addition, extensions of the binary intermetallic phases into the ternary system were determined.
Similar content being viewed by others
Cited References
I.I. Kornilov, E.N. Pylaeva, and M.A. Volkova, “An Investigation into the Equilibrium of the Ternary System Ti-Al-Fe,”Russ. J. Inorganic Chem., 3(6), 169–180(1958).
L. Landau and E. Lifshitz, “Statistical Physics,” TR: E. Peierls and R.F. Peierls,Courses in Theoretical Physics, Vol. 5, Pergamon Press, London-Paris, 430p (1959).
L.P. Luzhnikov, V.M. Novikova, and A.P. Mareev, “Solubility of β-Stabilizers in α-Titanium,”Met. Sci. Heat Treat. (USSR), 1963(2), 78–81(1963).
D. Taupin, “A General Method for Indexing Powder Diffracto- grams,”J. Appl. Crystallogr., 1, 178–181 (1968) in French.
M.A. Volkova and I.I. Kornilov, “Investigation of the Phase Transformations in Titanium-Rich Ti-Al-Fe Alloys,”Russ. Metall., 1969(4), 152–154(1969).
M.A. Volkova and I.I. Kornilov, “Phase Equilibrium in Titanium- RichTi-Al-Fe Alloys,”Russ. Metall., 1970(3), 134–137(1970).
M.A. Volkova and I.I. Kornilov, “Examination of the Phase Equilibria and Some Mechanical Properties of Ti-Al-Fe and Ti-Al-V Alloys,”Russ. Metall., 1971(1), 137–140 (1971).
V. Ya. Markiv, V. V. Bumashova, and V.P. Ryabov, “The Systems Ti-Fe-Al, Ti-Ni-AI and Ti-Cu-Al,”Akad. Nauk Ukr. SSR, Metallofiz., 46, 103–110(1973)inRussian.
G. Athanassiadis, G. le Caer, J. Foct, and L. Rimlinger, “Study of Ternary Ordered Solid Solutions Derived from Fe3Al by Substitution,”Phys. Status Solidi (a), 40(2), 425–435 (1977).
K. Yvon, W. Jeitschko, and E. Parthe, “LAZY PULVERIX, a Computer Program, for Calculating X-ray and Neutron Diffraction Powder Patterns,”J. Appl. Crystallogr, 10, 73–74(1977).
D. Dew-Hughes and L. Kaufman, “Ternary Phase Diagrams of the Mn-Ti-Fe and the Al-Ti-Fe Systems: A Comparison of Computer Calculations with Experiment,”Calphad, 3(3), 175–203 (1979).
A. Seibold, “Investigation of Ternary and Quaternary Titanium Systems in Order to DevelopCast Alloys for Technical Applications,” Doctoral thesis, University of Erlangen, 57p (1979) in German.
D. Dew-Hughes, “The Addition of Mn and A1 to Hydriding Compound FeTi: Range of Homogeneity and Lattice Parameters,”Metall. Trans. A, 11, 1219–1225(1980).
K.H.J. Buschow and P.G. van Engen, “Magnetic and Magneto- Optical Properties of Heusler Alloys Based on Aluminium and Gal- lium,”J. Magn. Magn. Mater, 25, 90–96 (1981).
A. Seibold, “Phase Equilibria in the Ternary Systems Ti-Fe-O and Ti-Al-Fe,”Z. Metallkd.,72(10),712–719 (1981) in German.
O. Kubaschewski, “Iron-Aluminium,”Iron Binary Phase Dia- grams, O. Kubaschewski, Ed., Springer, Berlin/Verlag Stahleisen Düsseldorf, 5–9 (1982).
J.L. Pouchou and F. Pichoir, “A New Model for Quantitative X- Ray Microanalysis; Part I: Application to the Analysis of Homogene- ous Samples,”La Recherche Aerospatiale, 1984(3), 13–38(1984).
A. Griger, V. Stefβniay, and T. Turmezey, “Crystallographic Data and Chemical Compositions of Aluminium-Rich Al-Fe Intermetallic Phases,” Z.Metallkd., 77(1), 30–35 (1986).
R.T. Fortnum and D.E. Mikkola, “Effects of Molybdenum, Titanium and Silicon Additions on the DO3 ↔ B2 Transition Temperature for Alloys near Fe3Al,”Mater. Sci. Eng., 91,223–231 (1987).
D. Guski, “LCLSQ (MARK III) - Crystallographic Lattice Constant Least-Squares Refinement Program,” rewritten 1987; Program Manual, Institut für Mineralogie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany, 4p. (1987) in German.
M.G. Mendiratta, S.K. Ehlers, and H.A. Lipsitt, “D03-B2-α Phase Relations in Fe-Al-Ti Alloys,”Metall. Trans. A, 18, 509–518 (1987).
J.L. Murray, “The Al-TiSystem,”Phase Diagrams of Binary Titanium Alloys, J.L. Murray, Ed., ASM International, Metals Park, OH, 12–24(1987).
V. Raghavan, “The Al-Fe-Ti System,”Phase Diagrams of Ternary Iron Alloys: Part 1, ASM International, Metals Park, OH, 9–21 (1987); updated in:J. Alloy Phase Equilibria, 14, 618–619 (1993).
R. K. Bamola and L.L. Seigle, “Interdiffusion Coefficients in the Zeta Phase of the Fe-Al System,”Metall. Trans. A, 20, 2561–2563 (1989).
S. Mazdiyasni, D.B. Miracle, D.M. Dimiduk, M.G. Mendiratta, and P.R. Subramanian, “High Temperature Phase Equilibria of the Ll2 Composition in the Al-Ti-Ni, Al-Ti-Fe, and Al-Ti-Cu Systems,”Scr. Metall., 23(3), 327–331 (1989).
G. Inden and W. Pepperhoff, “Experimental Study of the Order-Disorder Transition in bcc Fe-Al Alloys,” Z.Metallkd., 81(10), 770–773(1990).
K.S. Kumar, “Ternary Intermetallics in Aluminium-Refractory Metals-X Systems (X=V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn),”Int. Met. Rev., 35, 293–327(1990).
J.L. Murray, “The Fe-Ti System,”Binary Alloy Phase Dia- grams, 2nd ed., T.B. Massalski, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1783–1786(1990).
A. Nwobu,T. Maeda, H.M. Flower, and D.R.F. West, “The Constitution of Ti-Rich Alloys of the Ti-V-Fe-Al System,”Proceedings of User Aspects of Phase Diagrams, Petten 23–25 th June 1990, Institute of Metals, 102–112(1991).
P. Villars and L.D. Calvert, “Pearson’s Handbook of Crystallographic Data for Intermetallic Phases,” 2nd ed., P. Villars andL.D. Calvert, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, (1991).
G. Ghosh, “Aluminum-Iron-Titanium,”Ternary Alloys, Vol. 5, G. Petzow and G. Effenberg, Ed., VCH, Weinheim, 456–469 (1992).
H. Okamoto, “The Al-Ti System,”J. Phase Equilibria, 14, 120–121,764(1993).
ICDD Powder Diffraction Data File; International Center for Diffraction Data, Newtownsquare, PA(1994).
R. Kainuma, M. Palm, and G. Inden, “Solid-Phase Equilibria in the Ti-Rich Part of theTi-Al System,”Intermetallics, 2, 321–332 (1994).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Palm, M., Inden, G. & Thomas, N. The Fe-A1-Ti system. JPE 16, 209–222 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02667305
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02667305