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Fallgruben in der Magnetresonanztomographie

Was sollte der Anästhesist wissen?

Pitfalls in magnetic resonance imaging

What should the anaesthesiologist know?

  • Allgemeinanästhesie
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Zusammenfassung

Das sich kontinuierlich erweiternde Indikationsspektrum der Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) ist eine Herausforderung für die Anästhesiologie, die zunehmend für die Betreuung von Patienten während der Untersuchung hinzugezogen wird. Als Folge der speziellen Technik der MRT unterscheidet sich die anästhesiologische Tätigkeit dort erheblich von der im Operationssaal. Neben dem permanenten starken Magnetfeld bergen auch die intermittierend angewendeten Hochfrequenzimpulse ein mögliches Gefahrenpotenzial. Besonders gefährdet sind Patienten mit Metallimplantaten (z. B. Herzschrittmacher). Zur sicheren Versorgung der Patienten im MRT ist eine spezielle, MRT-kompatible Anästhesieausstattung nötig. Ungeeignete Geräte können neben Fehlfunktionen auch durch Projektileffekte (Hereinziehen ferromagnetischer Teile in den Magneten) zu Verletzungen von Patienten führen. Die aktuelle MRT-Technik, die damit verbundenen Gefahren für den Patienten und die Besonderheiten der anästhesiologischen Tätigkeit werden zusammenfassend dargestellt.

Abstract

The constantly extending indication spectrum of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a challenge for the anaesthesiologist, who is being increasingly more consulted for assistance during the examination. Due to the special technology of MRI the anaesthetic technique differs substantially from that in the operating theatre. In addition to the permanent strong magnetic field the intermittently used high frequency impulses are also a potential danger for the patient. Patients with metal implants (e.g. cardiac pacemaker) are particularly at risk. For the safe treatment of patients during MRI a special MRI compatible anaesthesia equipment is necessary. Unsuitable devices can lead to malfunctioning or to projectile effects (attracting ferromagnetic objects into the magnet) causing injury to the patients. This paper describes the MRI technology and the associated dangers for the patient as well as the characteristics of the anaesthetic techniques.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55101, Mainz, Deutschland

    S. v. Paczynski, K.P. Braun & C. Werner

  2. Institut für Neuroradiologie, Klinikum der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Deutschland

    W. Müller-Forell

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  1. S. v. Paczynski
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  2. K.P. Braun
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  3. W. Müller-Forell
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  4. C. Werner
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Correspondence to S. v. Paczynski.

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v. Paczynski, S., Braun, K., Müller-Forell, W. et al. Fallgruben in der Magnetresonanztomographie. Anaesthesist 56, 797–804 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-007-1202-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-007-1202-0

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