Abstract
Phosphate and colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs) generated from saponin extracted from Sapindus mukorossi fruit, were evaluated for washing low levels of arsenic from an iron rich soil. Phosphate is one of the most commonly dispersed chemicals that increases arsenic mobility in soil due to their structural similarities, making it an important factor in arsenic removal process. Column washing experiments were performed with CGAs in down flow and up flow modes on soil of pH 5 and 6. Soapnut CGAs, when paired with phosphate removed up to 95 % arsenic while soapnut CGAs alone could only remove up to 70 % arsenic. The presence of phosphate improved efficiency of soapnut solution by up to 35 %. SEM image of washed soil revealed minor corrosion of soil surface while using phosphate with soapnut. Therefore, the addition of phosphates would have positive impact on soil washing using soapnut saponin.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alam MGM, Tokunaga S, Maekawa T (2001) Extraction of arsenic in a synthetic arsenic-contaminated soil using phosphate. Chemosphere 43:1035–1041. doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(00)00205-8
Bhatia D, Goel G, Bhimania SK, Bhaskarwar AN (2005) Characterization and drainage kinetics of colloidal gas aphrons. AlChE J 51:3048–3058
Brookins DG (1986) Geochemical behavior of antimony, arsenic, cadmium and thallium: Eh-pH diagrams for 25 C, 1-bar pressure. Chem Geol 54:271–278
Chien SH, Clayton WR (1980) Application of Elovich equation to the kinetics of phosphate release and sorption in soils. Soil Sci Soc Am J 44:265–268
DOE Malaysia (2009) Contaminated Land Management and Control Guidelines No. 1: Malaysian Recommended Site Screening Levels for Contaminated Land
Hashim MA, Mukhopadhyay S, Sengupta B, Sahu JN (2012) Applications of colloidal gas aphrons for pollution remediation. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 87:305–324. doi:10.1002/jctb.3691
Jang M, Hwang JS, Choi SI, Park JK (2005) Remediation of arsenic-contaminated soils and washing effluents. Chemosphere 60:344–354. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.12.018
Majumder A, Bhattacharyya K, Kole SC, Ghosh S (2013) Efficacy of indigenous soil microbes in arsenic mitigation from contaminated alluvial soil of India. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20:5645–5653. doi:10.1007/s11356-013-1560-x
Mukhopadhyay S, Hashim MA, Sahu JN, Yusoff I, Sen Gupta B (2013) Comparison of a plant based natural surfactant with SDS for washing of As(V) from Fe rich soil. J Environ Sci (China) 25:2247–2256. doi:10.1016/s1001-0742(12)60295-2
Mukhopadhyay S, Hashim M, Allen M, Sen Gupta B (2015a) Arsenic removal from soil with high iron content using a natural surfactant and phosphate. Int J Environ Sci Technol 12:617–632
Mukhopadhyay S, Mukherjee S, Hashim MA, Sen Gupta B (2015b) Application of colloidal gas aphron suspensions produced from Sapindus mukorossi for arsenic removal from contaminated soil. Chemosphere 119:355–362. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.06.087
Mulligan CN (2005) Environmental applications for biosurfactants. Environ Pollut 133:183–198
O’Neill A, Gupta BS, Phillips DH (2014) Distribution of arsenic and risk assessment of activities on a golf course fertilised with arsenic-containing Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed. Sci Total Environ 482–483:252–259. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.006
Pradhan M, Bhargava P (2008) Defect and microstructural evolution during drying of soapnut-based alumina foams. J Eur Ceram Soc 28:3049–3057
Roy D, Kommalapati RR, Mandava S, Valsaraj KT, Constant WD (1997) Soil washing potential of a natural surfactant. Environ Sci Technol 31:670–675
Song S, Zhu L, Zhou W (2008) Simultaneous removal of phenanthrene and cadmium from contaminated soils by saponin, a plant-derived biosurfactant. Environ Pollut 156:1368–1370. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.06.018
Storer DA (1984) A simple high sample volume ashing procedure for determining soil organic matter. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 15:759–772
Tokunaga S, Hakuta T (2002) Acid washing and stabilization of an artificial arsenic-contaminated soil. Chemosphere 46:31–38. doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00094-7
Zeng M, Liao B, Lei M, Zhang Y, Zeng Q, Ouyang B (2008) Arsenic removal from contaminated soil using phosphoric acid and phosphate. J Environ Sci (China) 20:75–79. doi:10.1016/s1001-0742(08)60011-x
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the funding provided by University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur (Project UM-QUB6A-2011) for carrying out this research (Brookins 1986).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mukhopadhyay, S., Mukherjee, S., Hashim, M.A. et al. Remediation of Arsenic Contaminated Soil Using Phosphate and Colloidal Gas Aphron Suspensions Produced from Sapindus mukorossi . Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 98, 366–372 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-016-1878-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-016-1878-4