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Osteochondrosis dissecans und osteochondrale Verletzungen des Kniegelenks bei Kindern und Jugendlichen

Osteochondritis dissecans and osteochondral injuries of the knee joint in children and adolescents

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Arthroskopie Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Sowohl osteochondrale Verletzungen als auch Osteochondrosis dissecans (OD) stellen Pathologien des Kniegelenks dar. Trotzdem unterscheiden sie sich grundlegend bezüglich Ätiologie und Therapie. Während osteochondrale Verletzungen meist im Rahmen von Patellaluxationen oder auch anderen Distorsionen des Gelenks auftreten und ein akutes Verletzungsbild darstellen, ist die Ätiologie der Osteochondrosis dissecans in letzter Konsequenz noch ungeklärt. Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen Überblick über Diagnostik und Behandlung beider Pathologien unter Berücksichtigung der Besonderheiten des wachsenden Skeletts. Vor dem Hintergrund des hohen Regenerationspotenzials, welches bei Kindern und Jugendlichen zu beobachten ist, spielen hier knochenstimulierende Techniken eine noch bedeutendere Rolle als beim Erwachsenen. Aufwendige Transplantationstechniken bleiben den fortgeschrittenen Erkrankungsstadien vorbehalten.

Abstract

Even though osteochondral injuries and osteochondritis dissecans are both pathologies of cartilage and bone at the knee joint there are elementary differences concerning etiology and management. While the former are commonly associated with trauma, such as patella dislocation or other joint distorsions and therefore represent acute injury, the etiology of the latter still remains unexplained. This article gives an overview regarding diagnostics and therapy of osteochondral lesions in still growing patients. Based on the fact that children and adolescents have a very potent regenerative potential, bone marrow-stimulating techniques play a more important role as compared to adults. Extensive transplantation techniques are still necessary for advanced stages of disease.

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  1. Department Orthopädie und Traumatologie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79095, Freiburg i. Br., Deutschland

    P. Niemeyer, S. Langenbrunner, H. Schmal, G. Salzmann & N.P. Südkamp

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  1. P. Niemeyer
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  2. S. Langenbrunner
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  3. H. Schmal
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  4. G. Salzmann
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  5. N.P. Südkamp
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Correspondence to P. Niemeyer.

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Niemeyer, P., Langenbrunner, S., Schmal, H. et al. Osteochondrosis dissecans und osteochondrale Verletzungen des Kniegelenks bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Arthroskopie 25, 243–251 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00142-011-0688-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00142-011-0688-2

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