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Comparative Study on Osteoconductivity by Synthetic Octacalcium Phosphate and Sintered Hydroxyapatite in Rabbit Bone Marrow

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Abstract

Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) is thought to be a precursor of the mineral crystals in biological apatite. Synthetic OCP has been shown to be converted into an apatite structure when implanted in murine calvarial bone, to enhance bone regeneration more than synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA), and to degrade faster than biodegradable β-tricalcium phosphate. This study was designed to investigate whether OCP implantation enhances the formation and resorption of new bone (remodeling) concomitant with OCP degradation when implanted intramedullary in a rabbit femur for 12 weeks, compared to sintered HA ceramic. Histological and histomorphometric analyses using undecalcified specimens showed that the area of bone apposition was significantly higher on OCP than on HA between 2 and 3 weeks, whereas it subsequently became smaller on OCP than on HA. The area attacked by multinucleated giant cells, including tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells, was significantly higher for OCP than for HA at 8 weeks. Radiography revealed resorption of OCP but not of HA. The results disclose some osteoconductive characteristics of synthetic OCP in the bone marrow space: (1) enhancement of bone regeneration at the initial bone apposition stage and (2) stimulation of resorption of the newly formed bone coupled with OCP biodegradation mediated by TRAP-positive osteoclast-like cells. These results suggest that synthetic OCP would be a more useful bone substitute than HA in implant applications where rapid bone formation and concomitant implant resorption are important considerations.

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Acknowlegements

The authors thank Drs. Yasuhisa Tanaka and Shoichi Nagaya, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, for their many helpful suggestions and valuable criticism during preparation of the undecalcified tissue specimens and in the statistical analyses of histomorphometry. This study was supported in part by grants-in-aid (17076001, 16500285, 17659653, 17659603) from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture of Japan and grants from the Uehara Memorial Foundation, JFC Co., and JGC Corporation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Furukawa City Hospital, Furukawa, Japan

    H. Imaizumi

  2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan

    M. Sakurai

  3. Miyagi Prefectural Takukyoen, Rehabilitation Institute for the Physically Disabled, Miyagi Prefectural Rehabilitation Counseling Center for the Physically Disabled Hospital, Sendai, Japan

    O. Kashimoto

  4. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kikawa Hospital, Senboku, Japan

    T. Kikawa

  5. Division of Craniofacial Function Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan

    O. Suzuki

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  1. H. Imaizumi
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  2. M. Sakurai
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  4. T. Kikawa
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  5. O. Suzuki
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Correspondence to O. Suzuki.

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Imaizumi, H., Sakurai, M., Kashimoto, O. et al. Comparative Study on Osteoconductivity by Synthetic Octacalcium Phosphate and Sintered Hydroxyapatite in Rabbit Bone Marrow. Calcif Tissue Int 78, 45–54 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-005-0170-0

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