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No effect of subperiosteal growth factor application on periosteal neo-chondrogenesis in osteoperiosteal bone grafts for osteochondral defect repair

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of subperiosteal injection of chondroinductive growth factors on the histological and biomechanical outcome of autologous osteoperiosteal grafts.

Methods

Thirty six standardised osteochondral defects were created in the trochlear groove of 18 Göttinger Minipigs and evaluated after six, 12 and 52 weeks. Defects were treated with press-fit implantation of autologous osteoperiosteal cylindrical block-grafts with or without subperiosteal injection of a chondroinductive growth factor mixture (GFM).

Results

Histomorphological analysis showed complete osseointegration of all grafts from six weeks. The periosteum remained in place in 35 of 36 cases. Fibrocartilagineous repair tissue formation occurred at the cambium layer with a maximum at 12 weeks in both groups. Histomorphological grading and biomechanical testing showed highest values at 12 weeks, with signs of tissue degradation at one year. There was no significant difference between both groups.

Conclusion

Transplantation of autologous osteoperiosteal grafts is an effective method to restore subchondral bone defects, but not the overlying cartilage as the repair tissue deteriorates in the long term. Subperiosteal growth factors injection did not stimulate tissue differentiation on a biomechanical and histomorphological level.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by Centerpulse Biologics, Winterthur, Switzerland and the Research Fund of the Orthopaedic Department of the University of Heidelberg. The authors thank Dr. vet. H. Lorenz, R. Föhr, K. Goetzke, and M. Daniels for their excellent work and J.-F. Clémence for his support during the experimental procedures.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinic of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstrasse 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany

    Tobias Gotterbarm

  2. Department of Orthopaedics, New Royal Infirmary, Little France, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SU, Scotland

    Steffen J. Breusch

  3. Centerpulse Biologics, Inc, P.O. Box 65, 8404, Winterthur, Switzerland

    Simona Berardi Vilei

  4. AGINKO Research AG, Route de l’ancienne Papeterie 7, 1723, Marly, Switzerland

    Pierre Mainil-Varlet

  5. Research Centre for Experimental Orthopaedics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany

    Wiltrud Richter

  6. Orthopaedic Surgery Munich (OCM), Steinerstrasse 6, 81369, Munich, Germany

    Martin Jung

Authors
  1. Tobias Gotterbarm
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  2. Steffen J. Breusch
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  3. Simona Berardi Vilei
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  4. Pierre Mainil-Varlet
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  5. Wiltrud Richter
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  6. Martin Jung
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Martin Jung.

Additional information

This work was supported by Centerpulse Biologics, Inc., Winterthur, Switzerland.

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Gotterbarm, T., Breusch, S.J., Vilei, S.B. et al. No effect of subperiosteal growth factor application on periosteal neo-chondrogenesis in osteoperiosteal bone grafts for osteochondral defect repair. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 37, 1171–1178 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-013-1827-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-013-1827-3

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