Abstract
Zeolites are aluminosilicate minerals with multiple channels and cages. They are widely used in industry; further, owing to its increasing demand, the hydrothermal synthesis of zeolites from natural minerals/rocks has attracted great attention. This study aims to discuss the crystal growth mechanisms of zeolites from pumice. Pumice is a widely available porous volcanic glass (mainly consisting of 65–75% SiO2 and 9–20% Al2O3) that can be used in the fabrication of zeolites. In this study, zeolite was formed from pumice via a hydrothermal method with varying alkaline concentrations, reaction times and temperatures, and addition of NaCl. Zeolite Na-P1 was synthesized under conditions of 0.1 or 0.5 M at 150 °C. The feldspar phase (albite) initially occurred, followed by the zeolite phase (zeolite Na-P1). Phillipsite was an unstable intermediate product during this synthesis process. Based on these results, we suggest that the phase transformation sequence follows the order of albite, phillipsite, and zeolite Na-P1. Moreover, it can be speculated that an increase in cation concentration can induce a rapid occurrence of the zeolite phase (zeolite Na-P1). Raman spectrometry analyses provided insights into the formation mechanism of zeolite structures, indicating differences related to the number of sodium ions. Both zeolite Na-P1 and phillipsite are composed of four- and eight-membered rings, and the former is mainly grown with four-membered rings as the main structure. This study provides a low-cost and simple synthetic method for producing zeolite Na-P1 and phillipsite, which can be used as indicator minerals for marine/lake facies and in environmental treatment.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Prof. Wei-The Jiang and Prof. Jennifer Kung of the Department of Earth Sciences in National Cheng Kung University for the help with XRD measurements and Raman analyses, respectively. We sincerely thank to the Ministry of Science and Technology for the financial support [MOST 107-2116-M-006-002].
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Wu, TL., Chen, YH. & Hsu, WD. Phase transition pathway of hydrothermal zeolite synthesis. Phys Chem Minerals 48, 1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-020-01125-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-020-01125-3