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Effects of Three Volatile Oxylipins on Colony Development in Two Species of Fungi and on Drosophila Larval Metamorphosis

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Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of three volatile oxylipins on colony development in two fungi and on Drosophila larval metamorphosis. Using an airborne exposure technique, three common and volatile oxylipins (1-octen-3-ol, (E)-2-hexenal, and 1-hexanol) were compared for their effects on spore germination and colony growth in Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum, as well as for their effects on the morphogenesis of larvae of Drosophila melanogaster. Conidia of both A. niger and P. chrysogenum plated in the presence of low concentrations (50 ppm) of these three volatile organic compounds (VOCs) formed fewer colony-forming units (CFUs) and exhibited reduced radial growth of colonies as compared to controls. When A. niger and P. chrysogenum spores were germinated in the presence of the enantiomers of 1-octen-3-ol, (R)-(−)-1-octen-3-ol had the greatest impact on colony morphology (decreased sporulation and colony diameter), while (S)-(+)-1-octen-3-ol and the racemic form yielded similar morphological changes but to a lesser extent. In addition, Drosophila larvae exposed to vapors of these oxylipins exhibited serious delays in metamorphosis and toxic effects on pupae and adult stages. Low concentration of these three VOCs can significantly inhibit the formation of CFUs and the growth of fungi. (R)-(−)-1-octen-3-ol imposed the greatest impact on fungal morphology compared to (S)-(+)-1-octen-3-ol and the racemic form. The three volatile oxylipins could also delay the metamorphosis of Drosophila and impose toxic effects on its pupae and adult stages.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Prakash Masurekar, Kayla K. Pennerman, and Shannon Morath for their helpful suggestions and Arati Inamdar for having developed the Drosophila toxicology bioassay and having advised on data presentation. Summer research interns Natalie Naranjo, Emma Staniforth, and Dylan Zimmerman provided technical support; the Rutgers University Research Fund provided financial support; and Bedoukian Research Inc. donated some of the chemicals. SL has been supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under Grant No. (0937373).

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  1. Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA

    Guohua Yin, Sally Padhi, Samantha Lee, Richard Hung, Guozhu Zhao & Joan W. Bennett

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  1. Guohua Yin
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Yin, G., Padhi, S., Lee, S. et al. Effects of Three Volatile Oxylipins on Colony Development in Two Species of Fungi and on Drosophila Larval Metamorphosis. Curr Microbiol 71, 347–356 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-015-0864-0

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