Abstract
The vertical observation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is an important means to clarify the mechanisms of ozone formation. To explore the vertical evolution of VOCs in summer, a field campaign using a tethered balloon during summer photochemical pollution was conducted in Shijiazhuang from 8 June to 3 July 2019. A total of 192 samples were collected, 23 vertical profiles were obtained, and the concentrations of 87 VOCs were measured. The range of the total VOC concentration was 41–48 ppbv below 600 m. It then slightly increased above 600 m, and rose to 58 ± 52 ppbv at 1000 m. The proportion of alkanes increased with height, while the proportions of alkenes, halohydrocarbons and acetylene decreased. The proportion of aromatics remained almost unchanged. A comparison with the results of a winter field campaign during 8–16 January 2019 showed that the concentrations of all VOCs in winter except for halohydrocarbons were more than twice those in summer. Alkanes accounted for the same proportion in winter and summer. Alkenes, aromatics, and acetylene accounted for higher proportions in winter, while halohydrocarbons accounted for a higher proportion in summer. There were five VOC sources in the vertical direction. The proportions of gasoline vehicular emissions + industrial sources and coal burning were higher in winter. The proportions of biogenic sources + long-range transport, solvent usage, and diesel vehicular emissions were higher in summer. From the surface to 1000 m, the proportion of gasoline vehicular emissions + industrial sources gradually increased.
摘要
挥发性有机物(VOCs)的垂直观测是阐明臭氧形成机理的重要手段。为探讨夏季VOCs的垂直演变,本文作者于2019年6月8日至7月3日夏季光化学污染期间,在石家庄市使用系留气艇进行了外场垂直观测实验。实验期间共采集192个样品,获取23条垂直廓线,测定了87种VOCs的浓度。TVOCs浓度在0–600 m为41–48 ppbv,至1000 m浓度逐渐升高至58 ± 52 ppbv。烷烃占比随高度升高,烯烃、卤代烃和乙炔占比随高度下降,芳香烃占比基本不变。与2019年1月8日至16日冬季实验结果对比,冬夏季VOCs浓度垂直分布具有差异。除卤代烃外,其他VOCs在各高度冬季浓度均为夏季的2倍以上。烷烃在冬夏季的占比相同,烯烃、芳香烃和乙炔的占比在冬季高于夏季,卤代烃在夏季的占比高于冬季。垂直方向VOCs来源包括5类。汽油车尾气排放+工业源、燃煤占比在冬季较高。生物源+长距离传输、溶剂使用、柴油车尾气排放占比在夏季较高。从近地面至1000 m,汽油车尾气排放+工业源占比逐渐升高。
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFC021 0000), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41705113 and 41877312), the Young Talent Project of the Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. CERAE20 1802), and a Beijing Major Science and Technology Project (Grant No. Z181100005418014).
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• The VOC concentration slightly increased with height in the boundary layer in summer.
• The VOC concentration in summer was significantly lower than that in winter.
• The source contribution of gasoline vehicular emissions + industrial sources increased with height.
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Vertical Evolution of Boundary Layer Volatile Organic Compounds in Summer over the North China Plain and the Differences with Winter
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Wu, S., Tang, G., Wang, Y. et al. Vertical Evolution of Boundary Layer Volatile Organic Compounds in Summer over the North China Plain and the Differences with Winter. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 38, 1165–1176 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-0254-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-0254-9