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Paraneoplastic syndrome in neuroophthalmology

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Abstract

Paraneoplastic syndrome is a group of clinical symptoms that occur in the state of systemic malignant tumors. Paraneoplastic syndrome of the nervous system can affect any part of the central and peripheral nervous system and may also affect the eyes. In neuroophthalmology, paraneoplastic syndrome has a variety of manifestations that can affect both the afferent and efferent visual systems. The afferent system may involve the optic nerve, retina and uvea; the efferent system may involve eye movement, neuromuscular joints or involuntary eye movements and pupil abnormalities and may also have other neurological symptoms outside the visual system. This article discusses the clinical manifestations, pathological mechanisms, detection methods and treatment methods of paraneoplastic syndrome in neuroophthalmology. The performance of paraneoplastic syndrome is diverse, the diagnosis is difficult, and the treatment should be considered systematically. Differential diagnosis, optimal evaluation and management of these manifestations is not only the key to treatment but also a challenge.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province [No.: 2020-MS-01 to C.W.] and Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Province [No.: 2020D01A122 to C.W.]. This work was supported by Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education.

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  1. Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China

    Longdan Kang & Chao Wan

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  1. Longdan Kang
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  2. Chao Wan
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Both authors contributed to the study conception and design. Chao Wan had the idea for the article, both authors performed the literature search and data analysis, both authors drafted the article, and Chao Wan critically revised the work.

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Correspondence to Chao Wan.

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Kang, L., Wan, C. Paraneoplastic syndrome in neuroophthalmology. J Neurol 269, 5272–5282 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-022-11247-z

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