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Evidence that higher [CO2] increases tree growth sensitivity to temperature: a comparison of modern and paleo oaks

  • Global change ecology – original research
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Abstract

To test tree growth sensitivity to temperature under different ambient CO2 concentrations, we determined stem radial growth rates as they relate to variation in temperature during the last deglacial period, and compare these to modern tree growth rates as they relate to spatial variation in temperature across the modern species distributional range. Paleo oaks were sampled from Northern Missouri, USA and compared to a pollen-based, high-resolution paleo temperature reconstruction from Northern Illinois, USA. Growth data were from 53 paleo bur oak log cross sections collected in Missouri. These oaks were preserved in river and stream sediments and were radiocarbon-dated to a period of rapid climate change during the last deglaciation (10.5 and 13.3 cal kyr BP). Growth data from modern bur oaks were obtained from increment core collections paired with USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data collected across the Great Plains, Midwest, and Upper Great Lakes regions. For modern oaks growing at an average [CO2] of 330 ppm, growth sensitivity to temperature (i.e., the slope of growth rate versus temperature) was about twice that of paleo oaks growing at an average [CO2] of 230 ppm. These data help to confirm that leaf-level predictions that photosynthesis and thus growth will be more sensitive to temperature at higher [CO2] in mature trees—suggesting that tree growth forest productivity will be increasingly sensitive to temperature under projected global warming and high-[CO2] conditions.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Daniel Griffin, Dr. Russell Monson, and two anonymous reviewers for providing helpful comments that have improved this manuscript. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant DEB-0743882. This manuscript has been subjected to the Environmental Protection Agency’s peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or a recommendation for use.

Author contribution statement

SLV, MCS, and RPG collected the data. SLV conceived the study design. SLV and MCS analyzed the data. SLV wrote the manuscript and other authors provided editorial advice.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plants, Soils and Climate, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA

    Steven L. Voelker

  2. Department of Forestry, University of Missouri, 203ABNR Building, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA

    Michael C. Stambaugh & Richard P. Guyette

  3. National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL), Western Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA

    J. Renée Brooks

  4. Pacific Northwest Research Station, U.S.D.A. Forest Service, 3200 Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA

    Frederick C. Meinzer

  5. Department of Forest Ecosystems, Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA

    Barbara Lachenbruch

Authors
  1. Steven L. Voelker
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  2. Michael C. Stambaugh
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  3. J. Renée Brooks
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  4. Frederick C. Meinzer
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  5. Barbara Lachenbruch
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  6. Richard P. Guyette
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Steven L. Voelker.

Additional information

Communicated by Joy K. Ward.

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Voelker, S.L., Stambaugh, M.C., Renée Brooks, J. et al. Evidence that higher [CO2] increases tree growth sensitivity to temperature: a comparison of modern and paleo oaks. Oecologia 183, 1183–1195 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-017-3831-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-017-3831-6

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