Abstract
Purpose
The prognostic significance of the cachexia index, a novel biomarker of cancer cachexia, remains unclear in colorectal cancer; we, therefore, evaluated this relationship.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 306 patients with stage I–III colorectal cancer who underwent R0 resection between April 2010 and March 2020. The cachexia index was calculated as (skeletal muscle index [cm2/m2] × serum albumin level [g/dL])/neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. The overall and disease-free survival rates were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model.
Results
A low cachexia index was found in 94 patients. This group had significantly lower disease-free survival and overall survival than the high-cachexia index group (5-year survival, 86.3% vs. 63.1%, p < 0.01; 87.9% vs. 67.2%, p < 0.01). Multivariate analyses showed that T3 or T4 (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.56; 95% confidence interval CI 1.04–6.25, p = 0.039), stage III (HR: 3.77; 95% CI 1.79–7.93, p < 0.01), and a low cachexia index (HR: 2.27; 95% CI 1.31–3.90, p = 0.003) were significant independent predictors of the disease-free survival. CA19-9 ≥ 37.0 ng/mL (HR: 2.68; 95% CI: 1.37–5.24, p = 0.004), stage III (HR: 2.57; 95% CI 1.34–4.92, p = 0.004), and a low cachexia index (HR: 2.35; 95% CI 1.31–4.21, p = 0.004) were significant independent predictors of the overall survival.
Conclusion
A low cachexia index might be a long-term prognostic factor of colorectal cancer.
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Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Kamada, T., Haruki, K., Nakashima, K. et al. Prognostic significance of the cachexia index in patients with stage I–III colorectal cancer who underwent laparoscopic surgery. Surg Today 53, 1064–1072 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-023-02646-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-023-02646-4