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Non-enzymatic sensing of dopamine using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a nanocomposite consisting of palladium nanocubes supported on reduced graphene oxide in a nafion matrix

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Abstract

Palladium nanocubes (Pd-NCs) were deposited on a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) support and then applied to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to obtain a non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for dopamine (DA). In a comparison made by using copper underpotential deposition and a stripping method, it is shown that the Pd-NCs are evenly loaded on rGO and hence provide a surface area that is 2.42 times larger than that of rGO-free Pd-NCs. The modified GCE displays enhanced catalytic activity in catalyzing the oxidation of DA, best at a working potential of 0.25 V (vs. Ag/AgCl (3 M KCl)). The GCE modified with rGO-supported Pd-NCs showed remarkable selectivity over uric acid and ascorbic acid, a sensitivity to DA of 0.943 μA∙mM−1∙cm−2, and a 7.0 μM detection limit (at an SNR of 3).

Palladium nanocubes (Pd-NCs) on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) display higher activity than rGO-free Pd-NCs in dopamine oxidation. The oxidation current for dopamine is linear within the 20–220 μM concentration range at a 0.943 μA∙mM−1∙cm−2 sensitivity.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, for supporting this research financially under Contract No. MOST-103-2221-E-151-054-MY3 as well as Mr. Hsien-Tsan Lin of Regional Instruments Center at National Sun Yat-Sen University for their help with TEM experiments.

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  1. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan

    Yu-Sheng Hsieh, Bang-De Hong & Chien-Liang Lee

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  1. Yu-Sheng Hsieh
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  2. Bang-De Hong
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  3. Chien-Liang Lee
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Correspondence to Chien-Liang Lee.

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Hsieh, YS., Hong, BD. & Lee, CL. Non-enzymatic sensing of dopamine using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a nanocomposite consisting of palladium nanocubes supported on reduced graphene oxide in a nafion matrix. Microchim Acta 183, 905–910 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-015-1668-4

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