Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Practical use of Phragmites australis to study evapotranspiration in a wetland zone of Lake Balaton (southwest Hungary)

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Theoretical and Applied Climatology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the present study, evapotranspiration (ET) data from a common reed-dominated wetland and its meteorological controls was analysed using measured ET (ET m) in compensation evapotranspirometers. Six seasons in the time period between 2003 and 2012 were assessed with the objective of converting theoretical observations into long-term practical use. They reveal the effects of annual fluctuations and allow for a more exact understanding of the results of ET losses, which remain an elusive and substantial part of the hydrologic budget particularly in wetland habitats. Daily measured ET rates were strongly influenced by weather variables causing considerable variation of ET characteristics between the two distinguished season types. The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the major meteorological elements impacting the sum of seasonal ET was much higher in the warm growing seasons (857 mm), due to increased available energy for ET, than in the cool season (385 mm). The sum of average ET totalled 778.6 mm over measurements. A simplified water budget analysis confirmed that adequate water volume, caused by precipitation, entered the Kis-Balaton wetland (KBW) area during the cool season. Conversely, in warm seasons, only 21.5 % of total ET resulted from rainfall, accentuating its seasonality in wetland. This information about annual variability of long-term ET values would assist in finding an ideal solution for determining the proper water level needed. The current balance of habitat types in wetland should be permanently assessed by selection of the suitable water level in order to sustain the most appropriate wetland ecological conditions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alexandris S, Kerkides P (2003) New empirical formula for hourly estimations of reference evapotranspiration. Agric Water Manag 60:157–180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anda A, Teixeira da Silva JA, Soos G (2014) Evapotranspiration and crop coefficient of the common reed at the surroundings of Lake Balaton, Hungary. Aquatic Bot 116:53–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anda A, Soos G, Teixeira da Silva JA, Kozma-Bognár V (2015) Regional evapotranspiration from a wetland in Central Europe, in a 16-year period without human intervention. Agric Forest Meteorol 205:60–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson RG, Jin Y, Goulden ML (2012) Assessing regional evapotranspiration and water balance across a Mediterranean montane climate gradient. Agric Forest Meteorol 166(167):10–22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allen RG, Pereira LS, Raes D, Smith M (1998) Crop evapotranspiration: guidelines for computing crop requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56 FAO, Rome, Italy

  • Billy US, Utah EU, Akpan UE (2013) Estimation of evaporation rate in Uyo, Nigeria using the modified Penman equation. Can J Pure Appl Sci 7(1):2277–2281

    Google Scholar 

  • Borin M, Milani M, Salvat M, Toscano A (2011) Evaluation of Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Evapotranspiration in northern and southern Italy. Ecol Eng 37:721–728

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brix H, Sorrell BK, Lorenzen B (2001) Are Phragmites-dominated wetlands a net source or net sink of greenhouse gases? Aquatic Bot 69:313–324

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brix H (1999) The European Research Project on Reed Die-Back and Progression (EUREED). Limnologica 29(1):5–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crow WT, Wood EF (2002) The value of coarse-scale soil moisture observations for regional surface energy balance modeling. J Hydrometeorol 3:467–482

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • El Hamouri B, Nazih J, Lahjouj J (2007) Subsurface-horizontal flow constructed wetland for sewage treatment under Moroccan climate conditions. Desalination 215:153–158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fermor PM, Hedges PD, Gilbert JC, Gowing DJG (2001) Reedbed evapotranspiration rates in England. Hydrol Process 15:621–631

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frank AB, Hoffmann L (1989) Relationship among grazing management, growing-degree-days, and morphological development for native grasses on the Northern Great Plains. J Range Manag 42:199–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goulden ML, Litvak M, Miller SD (2007) Factors that control Typha marsh evapotranspiration. Aquatic Bot 86:97–106

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hatvani IG, Kovács J, Székely Kovács I, Jakusch P, Korponai J (2011) Analysis of long-termwater quality changes in the Kis-Balaton Water Protection System with time series, cluster analysis and Wilks‘ lambda distribution. Ecol Eng 37:629–635

  • Headley TR, Davison LD, Huett O, Müller L (2012) Evapotranspiration from subsurface horizontal flow wetlands planted with Phragmites australis in sub-tropical Australia. Water Res 46:345–354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herbst M, Kappen L (1999) The ratio of transpiration versus evaporation in a reed belt as influenced by weather conditions. Aquatic Bot 63:113–125

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Irmak S, Kabenge I, Rudnicka D, Knezevic S, Woodward D, Moravek M (2013) Evapotranspiration crop coefficients for mixed riparian plant community and transpiration crop coefficients for common reed, cottonwood and peach-leaf willow in the Platte River Basin. Nebraska-USA J Hydrol 481:177–190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones CG, Lawton JH, Shachak M (1994) Organisms as ecosystem engineers. Oikos 69:373–386

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Korponai J, Braun M, Buczko K, Gyulai I, Forro L, Nedli J, Papp I (2010) Transition from shallow lake to a wetland: a multi-proxy case study in Zalavari Pond, Lake Balaton, Hungary. Hydrobiologia 641:225–244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kovács J, Hatvani IG, Korponai J, Kovácsné SI (2010) Morlet wavelet and autocorrelation analysis of long term data series of the Kis-Balaton Water Protection System (KBWPS). Ecol Eng 36:1469–1477

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Linacre E (1976) Swamps. In: Monteith, J.L. (ed), Vegetation and the atmosphere. Case Studies, Vol. 2. Academic Press, London

  • Ma N, Zhang Y, Xu C-Y, Szilagyi J (2015a) Modeling actual evapotranspiration with routine meteorological variables in the datascarce region of the Tibetan Plateau: comparisons and implications. J Geophysical Res: Bio-geo Sciences. doi:10.1002/2015JG003006

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma N, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Gao H, Zhang H, Wang Y (2015b) Environmental and biophysical controls on the evapotranspiration over the highest alpine steppe J. Hydrol. 529. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.09.013

  • McMaster GS, Wilhelm WW (1997) Growing-degree-day: one equation, two interpretations. Agric Forest Meteorol 87:291–300

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitsch WJ, Zhang ACJ, Altor AE, Hernandez ME (2005) Creating riverine wetlands: ecological succession, nutrient retention, and pulsing effects. Ecol Eng 25:510–527

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monteith JL (1965) Evaporation and the environment. Symposium of the Society of Experim Biology 19:205–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Moro MJ, Domingo F, López G (2004) Seasonal transpiration pattern of Phragmites australis in a wetland of semi-arid Spain. Hydrol Process 18:213–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ondok JP, Priban K, Kvet J (1990) Evapotranspiration in littoral vegetation. In: Jorgensen SE, Loffler H (eds) Guidelines of Lake Management. International Lake Environment Committee and UNEP, Shiga

  • Pauliukonis N, Schneider R (2001) Temporal patterns in evapotranspiration from lysimeters with three common wetland plant species in the eastern United States. Aquatic Bot 71:35–46

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peacock CE, Hess TM (2004) Estimating evapotranspiration from a reed bed using the Bowen ratio energy balance method. Hydrological Process. 18:247–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Penman HL (1948) Natural evaporation from open water, bare soil and grass. Proc. R. Soc. London A193:120–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pomogyi P (2001) Results of vegetation mapping in Ingo marsh between 1998 and 2000. (In Hungarian) Official Issue of Western Danubian Water Authority, Szombathely

    Google Scholar 

  • Power S, Sadler B, Nicholls N (2005) The influence of climate science on water management in Western Australia: lessons for climate scientists. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 86:839–844

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Priban K, Ondok J (1985) Heat balance component and evapotranspiration from a sedge-grass marsh. Folia Geobotanica & Phytotaxonomica 20:41–56

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sánchez-Carrillo S, Angeler DG, Sánchez-Andrés R, Alvarez-Cobelas M, Garatuza-Payán J (2004) Evapotranspiration in semi-arid wetlands: relationships between inundation and the macrophyte-cover: open-water ratio. Adv Water Resources 27:643–655

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shuttleworth WJ (1993) Evaporation. In: Maidment DR (ed) Handbook of hydrology. McGraw and Hill, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Smid P (1975) Evaporation from a reed swamp. J Ecol 63:299–309

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soja G, Züger J, Knoflacher M, Kinner P, Soja AM (2013) Climate impacts on water balance of a shallow steppe lake in eastern Austria (Lake Neusiedl). J Hydrol 480:115–124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tátrai I, Matyas K, Korponai J, Paulovits G, Pomogyi P (2000) The role of the Kis-Balaton Water Protection System in the control of water quality of Lake Balaton. Ecol Eng 16:73–78

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu W-Y, Zhou G-S, Chi D-C, He Q-J, Zhou L (2008) Evapotranspiration of Phragmites communis community in Panjin wetland and its control factors. Acta Ecol Sin 28:4594–4601

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou L, Zhou G (2009) Measurement and modelling of evapotranspiration over a reed (Phragmites australis) marsh in Northeast China. J Hydrol 372:41–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This paper was published in the framework of project TÁMOP-4.2.2.B-15/1/KONV-2015-0004 ‘Support of scientific groups at University of Pannonia’. The project is possible with the support of the European Union and with co-funding from the European Social Fund.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Pannonia, Georgikon Faculty, P. O. Box 71, Keszthely, H-8361, Hungary

    Angela Anda & Gabor Soos

  2. Miki-cho Post Office, P. O. Box 7, Ikenobe 3011-2, Kagawa-ken, 761-0799, Japan

    Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva

Authors
  1. Angela Anda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Gabor Soos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Angela Anda.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Anda, A., Soos, G. & Teixeira da Silva, J.A. Practical use of Phragmites australis to study evapotranspiration in a wetland zone of Lake Balaton (southwest Hungary). Theor Appl Climatol 127, 899–909 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-015-1679-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-015-1679-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation