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CO2 Storage related Groundwater Impacts and Protection

Grundwasserbeeinflussung und Grundwasserschutz bei der geologischen CO2-Speicherung

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An Erratum to this article was published on 07 November 2016

Abstract

Injection of CO2 into the deep subsurface will affect physical and chemical conditions in the storage environment. Hence, geological CO2 storage can have potential impacts on groundwater resources. Shallow freshwater can only be affected if leakage pathways facilitate the ascent of CO2 or saline formation water. Leakage associated with CO2 storage cannot be excluded, but potential environmental impacts could be reduced by selecting suitable storage locations. In the framework of risk assessment, testing of models and scenarios against operational data has to be performed repeatedly in order to predict the long-term fate of CO2. Monitoring of a storage site should reveal any deviations from expected storage performance, so that corrective measures can be taken. Comprehensive R & D activities and experience from several storage projects will enhance the state of knowledge on geological CO2 storage, thus enabling safe storage operations at well-characterised and carefully selected storage sites while meeting the requirements of groundwater protection.

Zusammenfassung

Die Speicherung von CO2 in den tieferen Untergrund beeinflusst die physikalischen und chemischen Bedingungen im Speicherhorizont sowie im Deckgebirge. Somit sind auch Auswirkungen auf Grundwasservorkommen möglich. Oberflächennahes Trinkwasser ist nur dann betroffen, wenn Leckagewege den Aufstieg von CO2 oder salinarem Formationswasser ermöglichen. Eine durch CO2-Speicherung verursachte Leckage kann nicht ausgeschlossen werden, jedoch können potenzielle Auswirkungen auf die Umwelt minimiert werden, indem geeignete Speicherstandorte ausgewählt werden. Im Rahmen der Risikobewertung ist es erforderlich, Speichermodelle und Szenarien mit Daten aus dem Speicherbetrieb wiederholt abzugleichen, um das langfristige Verhalten von CO2 zu prognostizieren. Die Überwachung eines Speicherstandortes soll Abweichungen vom erwarteten Speicherbetrieb frühzeitig anzeigen, sodass angemessene Maßnahmen zur Risikobehandlung ergriffen werden können. Umfassende F&E-Aktivitäten und Erfahrungen aus Speicherprojekten verbessern fortwährend den Stand des Wissens über die geologische Speicherung von CO2. Demnach ist für gut charakterisierte und sorgfältig ausgewählte Speicherstandorte ein sicherer Speicherbetrieb erzielbar, der den Anforderungen des Grundwasserschutzes gerecht wird.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Dienstbereich Berlin, Wilhelmstraße 25–30, 13593, Berlin, Deutschland

    Sebastian Fischer

  2. Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Geozentrum Hannover, Stilleweg 2, 30655, Hannover, Deutschland

    Stefan Knopf, Franz May & Dorothee Rebscher

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Correspondence to Sebastian Fischer.

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An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00767-016-0344-x.

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Fischer, S., Knopf, S., May, F. et al. CO2 Storage related Groundwater Impacts and Protection. Grundwasser 21, 5–21 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00767-015-0315-7

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