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Dental stem cells and their promising role in neural regeneration: an update

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Abstract

Introduction

Stem cell-based therapies are considered to be a promising treatment method for several clinical conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury, and many others. However, the ideal stem cell type for stem cell-based therapy remains to be elucidated.

Discussion

Stem cells are present in a variety of tissues in the embryonic and adult human body. Both embryonic and adult stem cells have their advantages and disadvantages concerning the isolation method, ethical issues, or differentiation potential. The most described adult stem cell population is the mesenchymal stem cells due to their multi-lineage (trans)differentiation potential, high proliferative capacity, and promising therapeutic values. Recently, five different cell populations with mesenchymal stem cell characteristics were identified in dental tissues: dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, periodontal ligament stem cells, dental follicle precursor cells, and stem cells from apical papilla.

Conclusion

Each dental stem cell population possesses specific characteristics and advantages which will be summarized in this review. Furthermore, the neural characteristics of dental pulp stem cells and their potential role in (peripheral) neural regeneration will be discussed.

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Acknowledgments

W. Martens and A. Bronckaers are supported by grants from the ‘Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek’, Belgium.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biomedical Research Institute, Laboratory of Morphology, Hasselt University, Campus Diepenbeek, Agoralaan, Building C, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium

    W. Martens, A. Bronckaers, C. Politis & I. Lambrichts

  2. Department of oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    C. Politis

  3. Oral Imaging Center, Department of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    R. Jacobs

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  1. W. Martens
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  2. A. Bronckaers
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  3. C. Politis
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  4. R. Jacobs
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  5. I. Lambrichts
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Correspondence to W. Martens.

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Martens, W., Bronckaers, A., Politis, C. et al. Dental stem cells and their promising role in neural regeneration: an update. Clin Oral Invest 17, 1969–1983 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-013-1030-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-013-1030-3

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