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Age-dependent changes in Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella species/phylotypes in healthy gingiva and inflamed/diseased sub-gingival sites

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Abstract

Objectives

Early colonisation of oral surfaces by periodontal pathogens presents a significant risk factor for subsequent development of destructive disease affecting tissues that support the dentition. The aims of the present study were to establish the age-dependent relationship between sub-gingival profiles of 22 Prevotella species/phylotypes in children, adolescents and adults from an isolated Aboriginal community and, further, to use this information to identify Prevotella species that could serve as microbial risk indicators.

Materials and methods

DNA isolated from sub-gingival plaque samples (three healthy sites and three inflamed/diseased sites) from adults, adolescents and children was screened for Porphyromonas gingivalis load and 22 Prevotella species/phylotypes by species-specific PCR.

Results

A noticeable feature in adolescents was the marked increase in colonisation by P. gingivalis across all test sites. The mean number of Prevotella species/phylotypes colonising inflamed/diseased sub-gingival sites increased with age. Progressive partitioning of selected Prevotella species/phylotypes to healthy or inflamed/diseased sites was evident. Prevalence of Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella oral clone P4PB_24 and Prevotella oris increased significantly with age in diseased sites. Similarly, significant age-dependent increase in colonisation of healthy as well as inflamed/diseased sub-gingival sites was apparent for Prevotella oralis, Prevotella multiformis, Prevotella denticola, Prevotella strain P4P_53 and Prevotella oral clone BR014.

Conclusion

Early colonisation of children by P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and Prevotella oral clone P4PB_24 provides indication of risk for subsequent development of periodontal disease.

Clinical relevance

In the present study, the complexity of Prevotella species within gingival sites is explored as a basis for evaluating contribution of Prevotella species to disease.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (grant no. 219185). Essential support was provided by the staff of the Durri Aboriginal Medical Service.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Kim-Ly Chhour

    Present address: GE Healthcare, Rydalmere, NSW, Australia

  2. Roy Byun

    Present address: Sydney and South Western Sydney Local Health Districts, Liverpool, NSW, Australia

  3. Cheryl C. Chapple

    Present address: Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Dental Research, Westmead Millennium Institute and Westmead Centre for Oral Health, P.O. Box 533, Wentworthville, NSW, 2145, Australia

    Mangala A. Nadkarni, Kim-Ly Chhour, Gina V. Browne, Roy Byun, Ky-Anh Nguyen, Cheryl C. Chapple, Nicholas A. Jacques & Neil Hunter

  2. Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Surry Hills, NSW, 2010, Australia

    Mangala A. Nadkarni, Ky-Anh Nguyen & Neil Hunter

Authors
  1. Mangala A. Nadkarni
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  2. Kim-Ly Chhour
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  3. Gina V. Browne
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  4. Roy Byun
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  7. Nicholas A. Jacques
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  8. Neil Hunter
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mangala A. Nadkarni.

Electronic supplementary material

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Fig. S1

The Aboriginal community family groups. The numbers refer to the age of an individual. No data were collected for the female in family group 1 shown in blue (DOC 563 kb)

Fig. S2

Maximum probing depth for the community (DOC 60 kb)

Table S1

Sequences of oligonucleotide primers* (DOC 87 kb)

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Nadkarni, M.A., Chhour, KL., Browne, G.V. et al. Age-dependent changes in Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella species/phylotypes in healthy gingiva and inflamed/diseased sub-gingival sites. Clin Oral Invest 19, 911–919 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-014-1301-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-014-1301-7

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