Abstract
Methylidencyclopropabenzene (MCPB) 1 and Fulvalenes 2–4 are molecules of special interest due to the relation between structure and aromaticity. The aim of this work was to analyze this relation and to quantify the aromaticity in 1–4 using different methods. Magnetic properties are directly related with aromaticity; here we studied the magnetic susceptibility and the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility. Nucleus indepedent chemical shift (NICS) and the anisotropy of the induced current density (ACID) were also employed. Tools of very different nature, geometric indexes HOMA and Bird, were determinated too for 1–4. All of these measures were found to be in agreement.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
a) For a very interesting theoretical study about the most common fulvenes and fulvalenes from a structural point of view, see Scott AP, Agranat I, P. Biedermann U, Riggs NV, Radom L (1997) J Org Chem 62:2026–2038. b) See special issues dedicated to aromaticity: Chem Rev (2001) 101: 1115–1566; Chem Rev (2005) 105:3433–3947
This work falls within the areas of fulvalene and cycloproparene chemistry. Two recent and complete reviews about these two kinds of compounds are: a) Halton B (2005) Eur J Org Chem 3391–3414 b) Halton B (2003) Chem Rev 103:1327–1369
Apeloig Y, Arad D (1986) J Am Chem Soc 108:3241–3247
Apeloig Y, Boese R, Halton B, Maulitz A (1998) J Am Chem Soc 120:10147–10153
Schleyer PvR, Jiao H (1996) Pure Appl Chem 68:209–218
Schleyer PvR, Maerker C, Dransfeld A, Jiao H, Eikema Hommes NJRv (1996) J Am Chem Soc 118:6317–6318
a) Herges R, Geuenich D (2001) J Phys Chem A 105:3214–3220 b) Geuenich D, Hess K, Koehler F, Herges R (2005) Chem Rev 105:3758–3772
a) Krigowski TM, Ksawery-Cyranski M (2004) PCCP 6:249–255 b) Krigowski TM, Ksawery-Cyranski M (2001) Chem Rev 101:1385–1419 c) Bird CW (1992) Tetrahedron 48:335–340
Frisch MJ, Trucks GW, Schlegel HB, Scuseria GE, Robb MA, Cheeseman JR, Zakrzewski VG, Montgomery JJA, Stratmann RE, Burant JC, Dapprich S, Millam JM, Daniels AD, Kudin KN, Strain MC, Farkas O, Adamo JC, Clifford S, Ochterski J, Petersson GA, Ayala PY, Cui Q, Morokuma K, Malick DK, Rabuck AD, Raghavachari K, Foresman JB, Cioslowski J, Ortiz JV, Baboul AG, Stefanov BB, Liu G, Liashenko A, Piskorz P, Komaromi I, Gomperts R, Martin RL, Fox DJ, Keith T, Al-Laham MAl, Peng CY, Nanayakkara A, González C, Challacombe M, Gill PMW, Replogle BGES, Pople JA (1998) Gaussian 98. Inc. Pittsburgh, PA
a) Lee C, Yang W, Parr RJ (1988) Phys Rev B 37:785–789 b) Becke AD (1993) J Chem Phys 98:5648–5652
a) Keith TA, Bader RFW (1992) Chem Phys Lett 194:1–2 b) Cheeseman JR, Frisch MJ, Trucks GW, Keith TA (1996) J Chem Phys 104:5497–5509
Structural studies have shown that heptafulvene is planar (a) , but other derivatives such us pentaheptafulvalene or bicicycloheptatrienylidene are distorted from planarity (b): a) Bauer W, Laube T, Seebach D (1985) Chem Ber 118:764–773 b) See cite (1a)
a) Stanger A (2006) J Org Chem 71:883–893 b) Fallah-Bagher-Shaidaei H, Wannere CS, Corminboeuf C, Puchta R, Schleyer PvR (2006) Org Lett 8:863–866
See for example Klod S, Kleinpeter E (2001) J Chem Soc, Perkin Trans.2 1893–1898
Acknowledgements
The authors express their deep gratitude to Dr. Herges for the ACID program, to Sonia Montes Romanillos for her kind help, and to the Centro de Supercomputación de Galicia (CESGA) for the use of their computers.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Montero-Campillo, M.M., Rodríguez-Otero, J. & Cabaleiro-Lago, E.M. Ab initio and DFT study of the aromaticity of some Fulvalenes derived from Methylidenecyclopropabenzene. J Mol Model 13, 919–926 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-007-0211-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-007-0211-x