Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Molecular phylogeny reveals phenotypic evolution of powdery mildews (Erysiphales, Ascomycota)

  • REVIEW FOR THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY
  • Published:
Journal of General Plant Pathology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Powdery mildew fungi, comprising 16 genera and ca. 900 species, are exclusively obligate biotrophs of plants. Although several publications have addressed the phylogeny and evolution of powdery mildews based on morphology and host relationships, this review focuses on the evolution of several phenotypic characters based on molecular phylogeny: (1) morphology of appendages; (2) mycelium, ectoparasitic or endoparasitic; (3) number of asci per chasmothecium (fruiting body of powdery mildews), e.g., one to several; (4) conidiogenesis, conidia catenescent (i.e., maturing in chains: Euoidium-type) or maturing one at a time (Pseudoidium-type). Putative ancestral features of the powdery mildews are described as follows. In teleomorphs, large-sized chasmothecia, containing many 8-spored asci, had many appendages with uncinate-circinate apices, arising around the supraequatorial part of chasmothecia. In anamorphs, conidia were produced in chains (Euoidium-type) without distinct fibrosin bodies. Parasitism was ectoparasitic.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Amano K (1986) Host range and geographical distribution of the powdery mildew fungi. Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnaud G (1921) Étude sur les champignons parasites (in French). Ann Épiphyt 7:1–116

    Google Scholar 

  • Blumer S (1933) Die Erysiphaceen Mitteleuropas unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Schweiz (in German). Beitr Krypt-Fl Schweiz 7:1–483

    Google Scholar 

  • Braun U (1981) Taxonomic studies in the genus Erysiphe I. Generic delimitation and position in the system of the Erysiphaceae. Nova Hedwigia 34:679–719

    Google Scholar 

  • Braun U (1987) A monograph of the Erysiphales (powdery mildews). Beih Nova Hedwigia 89:1–700

    Google Scholar 

  • Braun U (1995) The powdery mildews (Erysiphales) of Europe. G. Fischer Verlag, Jena

    Google Scholar 

  • Braun U, Cook RTA (2012) Taxonomic manual of the Erysiphales (powdery mildews). CBS Biodiversity Series No 11. CBS, Utrecht

  • Heluta VP (1981) Mesto roda Podosphaera Kunze v sheme vozmozhnyh filogeneticheskih vzaimosvyazey rodov muchnisto-rosyanyh gribov (in Ukrainian). Novosti Sist Vyssh Nizsh Rast 1979:200–209

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirata K (1968) Notes on host range and geographic distribution of the powdery mildew fungi. Trans Mycol Soc Jpn 9:73–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaczewski AA (1927) Karmanny opredelitel’ gribov. Vyp. 2. Muchnisto-rosyanye griby. Mikologicheskaya Laboratoriya Imeni Professora A.A. Jaczewskogo, Gosudarstvennogo Instituta Opytnoy Agronomii, Leningrad

  • Katumoto K (1973) Notes on the genera Lanomyces Gäum. and Cystotheca Berk. et Curt. Rept Tottori Mycol Inst 10:437–446

    Google Scholar 

  • Kishino H, Hasegawa M (1989) Evaluation of the maximum likelihood estimate of the evolutionary tree topologies from DNA sequence data, and the branching order in Hominoidea. J Mol Evol 29:170–179

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Léveillé JH (1851) Organisation et disposition méthodique des espèces qui composent le genre Erysiphé. Ann Sci Nat Bot Ser 3(15):109–179

    Google Scholar 

  • Mori Y, Sato Y, Takamatsu S (2000a) Evolutionary analysis of the powdery mildew fungi using nucleotide sequences of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. Mycologia 92:74–93

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mori Y, Sato Y, Takamatsu S (2000b) Molecular phylogeny and radiation time of Erysiphales inferred from the nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. Mycoscience 41:437–447

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neger FW (1901) Beiträge zur Biologie der Erysipheen (in German). Flora 88:333–370

    Google Scholar 

  • Palti J (1988) The Leveillula mildews. Bot Rev 54:423–535

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raymond J (1927) Le blanc du chêne (in French). Ann Epiphyt 13:94–129

    Google Scholar 

  • Shiroya Y, Nakashima C, Takamatsu S (2008) Erysiphe monascogera sp. nov., an unusual powdery mildew fungus found on fruits of Styrax japonica. Mycoscience 49:199–206

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Takamatsu S (2004) Phylogeny and evolution of the powdery mildew fungi (Erysiphales, Ascomycota) inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. Mycoscience 45:147–157

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takamatsu S (2013) Origin and evolution of the powdery mildews (Ascomycota, Erysiphales). Mycoscience 54:75–86

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Takamatsu S, Hirata T, Sato Y, Nomura Y (1999) Phylogenetic relationships of Microsphaera and Erysiphe section Erysiphe (powdery mildews) inferred from the rDNA ITS sequences. Mycoscience 40:259–268

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takamatsu S, Hirata T, Sato Y (2000) A parasitic transition from trees to herbs occurred at least twice in tribe Cystotheceae (Erysiphaceae): evidence from nuclear ribosomal DNA. Mycol Res 104:1304–1311

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takamatsu S, Inagaki M, Niinomi S, Khodaparast SA, Shin HD, Grigaliunaite B, Havrylenko M (2008) Comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis and evolution of the genus Phyllactinia (Ascomycota: Erysiphales) and its allied genera. Mycol Res 112:299–315

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tulasne LR, Tulasne CC (1861) Selecta fungorum carpologia 1 (in French). Paris

  • Wang Z, Binder M, Schoch CL, Johnston PR, Spatafora JW, Hibbett DS (2006a) Evolution of helotialean fungi (Leotiomycetes, Pezizomycotina): a nuclear rDNA phylogeny. Mol Phylogenet Evol 41:295–312

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Z, Johnston PR, Takamatsu S, Spatafora JW, Hibbett DS (2006b) Toward a phylogenetic classification of the Leotiomycetes based on rDNA data. Mycologia 98:1065–1075

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The author wishes to thank Dr. Uwe Braun of Martin-Luther-Universität for critical reading the manuscript and helpful comments. This work was supported, in part, by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research No. 23580061 from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioresources, Graduate School, Mie University, 1577 Kurima-Machiya, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan

    Susumu Takamatsu

Authors
  1. Susumu Takamatsu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Susumu Takamatsu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Takamatsu, S. Molecular phylogeny reveals phenotypic evolution of powdery mildews (Erysiphales, Ascomycota). J Gen Plant Pathol 79, 218–226 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-013-0447-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-013-0447-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation