Abstract
Zinc (Zn) deficiency is frequently observed in mangoes grown in calcareous soils. Inherent inability of mango to extract sufficient Zn from the soil exacerbates this situation. Therefore, mitigating effects of Zn application was investigated on flowering, fruit setting, yield and quality of mango cv. Samar Bahisht Chaunsa growing in calcareous soils. The experiment consisted of five treatments: control—no Zn, soil application of 50 and 100 g ZnSO4 per tree and foliar application of 0.5 and 1.0 % ZnSO4 solution. Zn was applied twice in the 2nd week of November, 2011 and 3rd week of March, 2012, respectively. The experiment was repeated on the same dates during the next growing season. Zn application significantly increased number of flower panicle, fruits matured panicle, leaf Zn concentrations, fruit size, peel thickness, fruit weights at harvest and after ripening and fruit yield tree, whereas it reduced malformed panicles and early fruit drop. However, flower sex ratio and fruit set remained statistically unaffected. Similarly, fruit quality in terms of total soluble solids, flesh color, aroma, flavor and overall acceptability significantly improved as compared to control. Foliar application mitigated Zn deficiency more effectively than the soil application in calcareous soils.
Zusammenfassung
Bei Mangopflanzen, die auf kalkreichen Böden wachsen, wird häufig Zinkmangel beobachtet. Das unzureichende Aneignungsvermögen von Mango für Zink verschlimmert dabei noch die Situation. Deshalb wurden die abmildernden Effekte der Zinkdüngung auf den Blüten-, den Fruchtansatz, den Ertrag und die Qualität von Mangos der Sorte ‘Samar Bahisht Chaunsa‘, die auf kalkreichem Boden angebaut wurden, untersucht. Im Versuch wurden 5 Düngestufen gewählt: die Kontrolle ohne Zn-Düngung, Bodendüngungen mit 50 und 100 g ZnSO4 pro Baum und Blattdüngungen mit 0,5- und 1,0 %iger ZnSO4-Lösung. Insgesamt wurde Zn zweimal appliziert, einmal in der zweiten Novemberwoche 2011 und einmal in der dritten Märzwoche 2012. Der Versuch wurde in der nächsten Vegetationsperiode an den gleichen Terminen wiederholt. Durch die Zink-Düngung wurde die Zahl der rispigen Blütenstände und der reifen Fruchtstände, der Zn-Gehalt im Blatt, die Fruchtgröße, die Dicke der Fruchtschale, die Fruchtgewichte bei der Ernte und im reifen Zustand und der Baumertrag signifikant erhöht, wobei missgestaltete Blütenstände und früher Fruchtfall vermindert wurden. Das Geschlechterverhältnis innerhalb der rispigen Blütenstände und der Fruchtansatz blieben dagegen statistisch gesehen unbeeinflusst. Die Fruchtqualität hinsichtlich lösliche Trockensubstanz, Fruchtfleischfarbe, Aroma, Geschmack und Gesamtbeurteilung, wurde im Vergleich zur Kontrolle signifikant verbessert. Auf kalkreichen Böden schwächte die Blattdüngung den Zinkmangel wirkungsvoller ab als die Bodendüngung.
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Masroor, H., Anjum, M., Hussain, S. et al. Zinc Ameliorates Fruit Yield and Quality of Mangoes Cultivated in Calcareous Soils. Erwerbs-Obstbau 58, 49–55 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-015-0258-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-015-0258-2