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Hypergravity increases resistance to heat in dFOXO Drosophila melanogaster mutants and can lower FOXO translocation in wild-type males

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Abstract

Severe stresses have deleterious effects, but mild stresses can have beneficial effects called hormetic effects. This study observed survival time of wild-type Drosophila melanogaster flies and dFOXO mutants exposed to 37 °C, a severe stress for flies, after they lived or not for 2 weeks in hypergravity (3 or 5 g), a mild stress with hormetic effects in flies. Hypergravity increased survival time of the mutants, this effect being less observed in wild-type flies. The heat stress increased dFOXO translocation similarly in all gravity groups in a wild-type strain, and hypergravity decreased dFOXO translocation similarly in heat-stressed or not heat-stressed males, no clear effect of the gravity level being observed in females. Because hypergravity increases resistance to heat in dFOXO mutants and the translocation is not tightly dependent on the gravity level, one can conclude that dFOXO does not mediate the effect of hypergravity on resistance to heat. A previous study showed that another mild stress, the cold, can increase survival time at 37 °C of wild-type D. melanogaster flies, but this was not observed in dFOXO mutants. Therefore, two mild stresses, cold and hypergravity, can increase resistance to heat but the pathways mediating this effect are seemingly different, as cold does not increase resistance in dFOXO mutants while hypergravity increases it.

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Acknowledgements

This work was partly supported by a grant from the “Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse”. The dFOXO21 and dFOXO25 flies were kindly provided by Hugo Stocker and Igor Vuillez (Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland) and the dFOXOΔ94 flies by Julien Colombani (Institut of Biology Valrose, University of Nice-Sophia-Antipoplis, Nice, France). The primary anti-Foxo antibody is a kind gift of Pierre Léopold (Institut of Biology Valrose, University of Nice-Sophia- Antipoplis, Nice, France). Thanks are due to the referees for their comments which helped to improve the article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI Toulouse), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France

    Eric Le Bourg

  2. Centre de Biologie du Développement (CBD), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI Toulouse), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France

    Cédric Polesello

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  1. Eric Le Bourg
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  2. Cédric Polesello
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Correspondence to Eric Le Bourg.

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Le Bourg, E., Polesello, C. Hypergravity increases resistance to heat in dFOXO Drosophila melanogaster mutants and can lower FOXO translocation in wild-type males. Biogerontology 20, 883–891 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-019-09836-z

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