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Associations of adiponectin and leptin with stage and grade of PSA-detected prostate cancer: the ProtecT study

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Abstract

Purpose

Obesity has been associated with an increased risk of advanced and fatal prostate cancer; adipokines may mediate this association. We examined associations of the adipokines leptin and adiponectin with the stage and grade of PSA-detected prostate cancer.

Methods

We conducted a nested case–control study comparing 311 men with mainly locally advanced (≥T3, N1, or M1 cases) vs. 413 men with localized (T ≤2 & NX-0 & M0 controls) PSA-detected prostate cancer, recruited 2001–2009 from 9 UK regions to the ProtecT study. Associations of body mass index and adipokine levels with prostate cancer stage were determined by conditional logistic regression and with grade (Gleason score ≥7 vs. ≤6) by unconditional logistic regression.

Results

Adiponectin was inversely associated with prostate cancer stage in overweight and obese men (OR 0.62; 95 % CI 0.42–0.90; p = 0.01), but not in normal weight men (OR 1.48; 0.77–2.82; p = 0.24) (p for interaction 0.007), or all men (OR 0.86; 0.66–1.11; p = 0.24). There was no compelling evidence of associations between leptin or leptin to adiponectin ratio and prostate cancer stage. No strong associations of adiponectin, leptin, or leptin:adiponectin ratio with grade were seen.

Conclusions

This study provides some evidence that adiponectin levels may be associated with prostate cancer stage, dependent on the degree of adiposity of the man. Our results are consistent with adiponectin countering the adverse effects of obesity on prostate cancer progression.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the tremendous contribution of all members of the ProtecT study research group, and especially the following who were involved in this research. Research nurses (recruitment, sample collection, and follow-up): lead: Sue Bonnington, Lynne Bradshaw, Debbie Cooper, Emma Elliott, Pippa Herbert, Peter Holding, Joanne Howson, Mandy Jones, Teresa Lennon, Norma Lyons, Hilary Moody, Claire Plumb, Tricia O’Sullivan, Liz Salter, Sarah Tidball, Pauline Thompson; others: Tonia Adam, Sarah Askew, Sharon Atkinson, Tim Baynes, Jan Blaikie, Viv Breen, Sean Bryne, Jo Bythem, Jenny Clarke, Jenny Cloete, Susan Dark, Gill Davis, Rachael De La Rue, Elspeth Dewhurst, Anna Dimes, Nicola Dixon, Penny Ebbs, Ingrid Emmerson, Jill Ferguson, Ali Gadd, Lisa Geoghegan, Alison Grant, Collette Grant, Catherine Gray, Rosemary Godfrey, Louise Goodwin, Susie Hall, Liz Hart, Andrew Harvey, Chloe Hoult, Sarah Hawkins, Sharon Holling, Alastair Innes, Sue Kilner, Fiona Marshall, Louise Mellen, Andrea Moore, Sally Napier, Julie Needham, Kevin Pearse, Anna Pisa, Mark Rees, Elliw Richards, Lindsay Robson, Janet Roxburgh, Nikki Samuel, Irene Sharkey, Michael Slater, Donna Smith, Pippa Taggart, Helen Taylor, Ayesha Thomas, Nicola Trewick, Claire Ward, Christy Walker, Ayesha Williams, Colin Woodhouse, Elizabeth Wyber and others. Local investigators/clinicians: Prasad Bollina, Jim Catto, Andrew Doble, Alan Doherty, Garett Durkan, David Gillatt, Owen Hughes, Roger Kockelbergh, Howard Kynaston, Hing Leung, Edgar Paez, Alan Paul, Raj Persad, Philip Powell, Stephen Prescott, Derek Rosario, Hartwig Schwaibold, David Tulloch, Mike Wallace. Pathologists: Selina Bhattarai, Neeta Deshmukh, John Dormer, John Goepel, David Griffiths, Ken Grigor, Pat Harnden, Nick Mayer, Jon Oxley, Mary Robinson, Murali Varma, Anne Warren. Research, bio-repository, and data management: Leila Ayandi, Lucy Brindle, Paul Brown, Simon Collin, Michael Davis, Dan Dedman, Elizabeth Down, Ewa Dudziec, Luke Ferguson, Anne George, Vriti Hansraj, Dawn Jordan, Selena Josephs, Rajeev Kumar, Adam Lambert, Athene Lane, Thomas Ludlam, Gemma Marsden, Luke Marsden, Steven Oliver, Josh Phillips, Jane Pritchard, Laura Proctor, Peter Shiarly, Martin Taylor, Emma Turner, Eleanor Walsh, Oliver Wilkinson, Valentina Wright. Administrative support: Susan Baker, Elizabeth Bellis-Sheldon, Chantal Bougard, Joanne Bowtell, Catherine Brewer, Nicholas Christoforou, Rebecca Clark, Susan Coull, Christine Croker, Rosemary Currer, Claire Daisey, Gill Delaney, Rose Donohue, Susan Fry, Jean Haddow, Susan Halpin, Belle Harris, Barbara Hattrick, Sharon Holmes, Helen Hunt, Vicky Jackson, Mandy Le Butt, Jo Leworthy, Tanya Liddiatt, Alex Martin, Jainee Mauree, Susan Moore, Gill Moulam, Jackie Mutch, Kathleen Parker, Christopher Pawsey, Michelle Purdie, Teresa Robson, Lynne Smith, Carole Stenton, Tom (Prasad Bollina, Sue Bonnington, Debbie Cooper, Andrew Doble, Alan Doherty, Emma Elliott, David Gillatt, Pippa Herbert, Peter Holding, Joanne Howson, Mandy Jones, Roger Kockelbergh, Howard Kynaston, Teresa Lennon, Norma Lyons, Hilary Moody, Philip Powell, Stephen Prescott, Liz Salter, Pauline Thompson). Department of Health disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed therein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Department of Health. Grant support: AB is recipient of an MRC 4-year PhD studentship at the MRC Centre for Causal Analysis in Translational Epidemiology. The ProtecT study was funded by the National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment (NIHR HTA) program (HTA 96/20/99, ISRCTN20141297) and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment. Additional funding for this study was provided by the University of Bristol Cancer Research Fund.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK

    Anya Burton, Richard M. Martin, J. Athene Lane, Jenny L. Donovan & Kate Tilling

  2. MRC Centre for Causal Analysis in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK

    Anya Burton & Richard M. Martin

  3. School of Clinical Sciences, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK

    Jeff Holly

  4. Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK

    Freddie C. Hamdy

  5. Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Box 279 (S4), Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK

    David E. Neal

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  1. Anya Burton
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Correspondence to Anya Burton.

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Burton, A., Martin, R.M., Holly, J. et al. Associations of adiponectin and leptin with stage and grade of PSA-detected prostate cancer: the ProtecT study. Cancer Causes Control 24, 323–334 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-012-0118-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-012-0118-4

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