Abstract
The detection of Plasmodium spp. by the molecular analysis of human feces was reported to be comparable to detection in the blood. We believe that for epidemiological studies using molecular tools, it would be simpler to use feces, which are easier to obtain and require no training for their collection. Our aim was to evaluate the usefulness of feces for the detection of these pathogens towards developing a new tool for their surveillance. Between 2008 and 2010, 451 human fecal samples were collected in two Senegalese villages in which malaria and rickettsioses are endemic. Rickettsia and Plasmodium DNA were detected using quantitative PCR targeting Rickettsia of the spotted fever group, R. felis and Plasmodium spp. Two different sequences were systematically targeted for each pathogen. Twenty of the 451 fecal samples (4.4 %) were positive for Rickettsia spp., including 8 for R. felis. Inhabitants of Dielmo were more affected (18/230, 7.8 %; p = 0.0008) compared to those of Ndiop (2/221, 0.9 %). Children under 15 years of age were more often positive (19/285, 6.7 %) than were older children (1/166, 0.6 %; p = 0.005, odds ratio = 11.79). Only one sample was positive for Plasmodium spp. This prevalence is similar to that found in the blood of the Senegalese population reported previously. This preliminary report provides a proof of concept for the use of feces for detecting human pathogens, including microorganisms that do not cause gastroenteritis, in epidemiological studies.
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Acknowledgments
We would like to thank the entire population of the villages of Dielmo and Ndiop for their contributions to this study. We thank the Agence National de Recherche grant 2010 (MALEMAF) and the Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection for their financial support.
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The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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Keita, A.K., Fenollar, F., Socolovschi, C. et al. The detection of vector-borne-disease-related DNA in human stool paves the way to large epidemiological studies. Eur J Epidemiol 30, 1021–1026 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-015-0022-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-015-0022-9