Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Women in the IT Sector: Queen Bee and Gender Judo Strategies

  • Published:
Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Women in IT are a minority and the situation is not improving. Data from Statistics Canada from 1991 to 2011 show the engineering sectors do not count very many women. Thus, it is observed that while Canada has policies on gender equity and women should be considered as having the right to work in any sector, the reality is quite different, as is indicated in Statistics Canada data. We observe a low presence of women in the IT sector, a well-paid sector that should be of interest, and women continue to be employed in traditionally female, often low-paid, occupations. We thus wanted to understand how women in IT deal with their minority status in this sector. What are the main obstacles minority women in the IT sector face in their day-to-day lives? How do they deal with these? Do they use ‘queen bee’ responses to be promoted? What is it in the IT sector that motivates their work? These are all questions that have interested us and the results help us to better understand the causes of women’s low representation in the IT sector. Our research is based on a qualitative approach, with interviews of women in the IT sector in Québec (Canada).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. https://concertationmtl.ca/ce-que-nous-faisons/concerter-et-connecter/mouvement-montrealais-les-filles-le-code/

References

  • Arenius, P., & De Clercq, D. (2005). A network-based approach on opportunity recognition. Small Business Economics, 24(3), 249–265.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blau, F. & J. DeVaro (2007). New evidence on gender differences in promotion rates : An empirical analysis of a sample of new hires, Cornell University, School of Industrial and Labor Relations, http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/articles/113

  • Bourdieu, P. (2002). Masculine domination, Stanford University Press.

  • Breda, T., & Napp, C. (2019). Girls’ comparative advantage in reading can largely explain the gender gap in math-related fields. PNAS, 116(31), 15435–15440.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buscatto, M. & B. Fusulier (2013) ‘Masculinities’ Challenged in Light of ‘Feminine’ Occupations, Recherches sociologiques et anthropologiques, 44 (2), 1a-19a.

  • Chartier, A. (2013). Femmes et technologies: Y a-t-il un chaînon manquant? Québec, Université Laval, 21 mai.

  • Cooper, M. (2016). “Why women (sometimes) Don’t help other women”, The Atlantic, June 23, https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2016/06/queen-bee/488144/

  • Cowan, G., Neighbors, C., DeLa Moreaux, J., & Behnke, C. (1998). Women’s hostility toward women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 22, 267–284.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dasting, J. (2018), Amazon scraps secret AI recruiting tool that showed bias against women, Reuters, October 9, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-amazon-com-jobs-automation-insight/amazon-scraps-secret-ai-recruiting-tool-that-showed-bias-against-women-idUSKCN1MK08G

  • Derks, B. Van Laar, C., Ellemers, N. and K. de Groot (2011). Gender-Bias Primes Elicit Queen-Bee Responses Among Senior Policewomen, Psychological Science, 22(10), 1243–1249.

  • Dionne-Simard, D., Galarneau, D., & LaRochelle-Côté, S. (2016). Les femmes dans les professions scientifiques au Canada 1991-2011. Regards sur la société canadienne, 75–006X.

  • Duggan, M. (2015). Gaming and gamers, Pew Research Center.

  • Ellemers, N., van den Heuvel, H., de Gilder, D., Maass, A., & Bonvini, A. (2004). The underrepresentation of women in science: Differential commitment or the queen bee syndrome? British Journal of Social Psychology, 43, 315–338.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellemers, N., Rink, F., Derks, B., & Ryan, M. K. (2012). Women in high places: When and why promoting women into top positions can harm them individually or as a group (and how to prevent this). Organizational Behavior, 32, 163–187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eguchi, S. (2009). Negotiating hegemonic masculinity: The rhetorical strategy of “straight-acting” among gay men. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 38(3), 193–209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, A., & Margolis, J. (2002). Unlocking the clubhouse : The Carnegie Mellon experience. Special Interest Group on Computer Science Education (SIGCSE) Bulletin, 34(2), 79–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gabriel, A. S., Zhenyu, Y., Butts, M. M., Rosen, R. L., & Sliter, M. T. (2017). Further understanding incivility in the workplace: The effects of gender, agency, and communion. Journal of Applied Psychology, 103(4), 362–382.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harvey, V., & Tremblay, D.-G. (2019). The workplace: Challenges for fathers and their use of leave. In P. Moss, A.-Z. Duvander, & A. Koslowski (Eds.), Parental leave and beyond, recent international developments, current issues and future directions (pp. 223–239). London: Policy Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hess, W. H. (2016). Slut-shaming in the workplace: Sexual rumors & hostile environment claims, N.Y.U. Review of Law & Social Change, 40, 581–620.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hurst, J., Leberman, S., & Edwards, M. (2015). Women managing women, intersections between hierarchial relationships, career developement and gender equity. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 31(1), 61–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hussein, S., M. Ismail and J. Manthorpe (2014). “Male workers in the female-dominated long-term care sector: evidence from England”, Journal of Gender Studies, 1–15.

  • MacDonald, K. (2018). The video games industry isn’t yet ready for its #MeToo moment, The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/jan/24/video-games-industry-metoo . Accessed 25 May 2019.

  • Macé, É. (2015). L'Après-patriarcat. Paris: Éditions du Seuil.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahdawi, A. (2019). There’s a dark side to women’s health apps: ‘Menstrual surveillance’, the Guardian, April 13, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/apr/13/theres-a-dark-side-to-womens-health-apps-menstrual-surveillance

  • Moyser, M. (2017). Women and paid work, Statistics Canada.

  • Mundy, L. (2017). Why Silicon Valley so awful to women?, The Atlantic, https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2017/04/why-is-silicon-valley-so-awful-to-women/517788/ . Accessed 10 September 2019.

  • O’Neil, D. A., Brooks, M. E., & Hopkins, M. M. (2018). Women’s roles in women’s career advancement: What do women expect of each other? Career Development International, 23(3), 327–344.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parker, K. (2015). Women more than men adjust their careers for family life, Pew Research Center, https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/10/01/women-more-than-men-adjust-their-careers-for-family-life/ . Accessed 23 September 2019.

  • Qian, Y. & W. Fan (2018) Men and Women at Work: Occupational Gender Composition and Affective Well-Being in the United States, Journal of Happiness Studies, 147–169.

  • Savall, H., & Zardet, V. (1996). Espoirs et désillusions dans la quête de la qualité : Vers un nouveau calcul. Revue Echanges, pp., 27–46.

  • Savall, H., & Zardet, V. (1995a). Maîtriser les coûts et les performances cachés. ISEOR Institute: Lyon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savall, H., & Zardet, V. (1995b). Ingénierie stratégique du Roseau (517 p). Paris: Economica.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savall, H. (1989), « Enrichir le travail humain », L’évaluation économique, Economica, 3 rd edition , 275 pages.

  • Sheppard, L. D., & Aquino, K. (2017). Sisters at arms: A theory of female same-sex conflict and its Problematization in organizations. Journal of Management, 43(3), 691–715.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Slaughter, A.-M. (2014). Foreword, in What Works for Women at Work. Four Patterns Working Women Need to Know: New York University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Staines, G., Tavris, C., & Jayaratne, T. E. (1973). The Queen bee Syndrom. In C. Tavris (Ed.), The female experience. Del Mar, California: CRM Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • TechnoCompétences (2018). Complément au Diagnostic sectoriel 2018: mise à jour de la situation de la main-d’oeuvre en TIC, https://www.technocompetences.qc.ca/complement-au-diagnostic-sectoriel-2018-mise-a-jour-de-la-situation-des-femmes-en-tic/ . Accessed 12 June 2019.

  • Thompson, C. (2019). The secret history of women in coding, The New York Times Magazine, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/magazine/women-coding-computer-programming.html . Accessed 20 September 2019.

  • Tremblay, D.-G. (2019). Conciliation emploi-famille et temps sociaux. Québec: Presses de l’Université du Québec.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Tremblay, D.-G. (2016). Économie du travail; les réalités et les approches théoriques. Québec: Presses de l’Université du Québec.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tremblay, D.-G. & V. Harvey (2019). Les femmes en technologies de l’information : formation et inclusion, In Annabelle Hulin et al. (2019). GRH, RSE, emplois : Vers de nouvelles approches inclusives, Paris: Vuibert.

  • Williams, J.C. (2014). Women, work and the art of gender judo, Washington Post, https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/women-work-and-the-art-of-gender-judo/2014/01/24/29e209b2-82b2-11e3-8099-9181471f7aaf_story.html?noredirect=on . Accessed 17 September 2019.

  • Williams, J.C. & R. Dempsey (2014). What works for women at work, four patterns working women need to Know, New York University Press.

  • Williams, C. L. (1992). The glass escalator: Hidden advantages for men in the female professions. Social Problems, 39(3), 253–267.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Working Families (2017). Modern Families Index summary report, https://www.workingfamilies.org.uk/publications/2017-modern-families-index-summary-report/ . Accessed 10 September 2019.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Harvey, V., Tremblay, DG. Women in the IT Sector: Queen Bee and Gender Judo Strategies. Employ Respons Rights J 32, 197–214 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10672-020-09353-z

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10672-020-09353-z

Keywords

Navigation