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Introduction of Mysis relicta (Mysida) reduces niche segregation between deep-water Arctic charr morphs

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Abstract

Niche diversification of polymorphic Arctic charr can be altered by multiple anthropogenic stressors. The opossum-shrimp (Mysis relicta) was introduced to compensate for reduced food resources for fish following hydropower operations in Lake Limingen, central Norway. Based on habitat use, stomach contents, stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) and trophically transmitted parasites, the zooplanktivorous upper water-column dwelling ‘normal’ morph was clearly trophically separated from two sympatric deep-water morphs (the ‘dwarf’ and the ‘grey’) that became more abundant with depth (> 30 m). Mysis dominated (50–60%) charr diets in deeper waters (> 30 m), irrespective of morph. Mysis and/or zooplankton prey groups caused high dietary overlap (> 54%) between the ‘dwarf’ morph and the two other ‘normal’ and ‘grey’ morphs. After excluding Mysis, the dietary overlap dropped to 34% between the two profundal morphs, as the ‘dwarf’ fed largely on deep-water zoobenthos (39%), while the ‘grey’ morph fed on fish (59%). The time-integrated trophic niche tracers (trophically transmitted parasites and stable isotopes) demonstrated only partial dietary segregation between the two deep-water morphs. The high importance of Mysis in Arctic charr diets may have reduced the ancestral niche segregation between the deep-water morphs and thereby increased their resource competition and potential risk of hybridization.

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Acknowledgements

The investigations in Limingen in 2016 were supported by NTE (Nord-Trøndelag Elektrisitetsverk—Energi) and the Norwegian Environment Agency (the Fish in Large Lakes component of the program Surveillance Monitoring of Large Lakes), with additional funding from NINA (Norwegian Institute for Nature Research), and UiT (The Arctic University of Norway). RAP was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 663830). The gill netting was done by Laila Saksgård and Oskar Pettersen, NINA, and Aslak D. Sjursen, NTNU University Museum. Cesilie Bye, Laina Dalsbø and Karin Strand Johanessen, from the Freshwater Ecology group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway assisted with fish dissection and sampling. We thank these colleagues for their help in field and laboratory, and also the two anonymous reviewers for their helpful feedback on an earlier draft of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, P.O. Box 6050, Langnes, 9037, Tromsø, Norway

    Rune Knudsen & Anna Siwertsson

  2. The Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway

    Antti P. Eloranta & Odd Terje Sandlund

  3. Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland

    Antti P. Eloranta

  4. School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK

    Rachel A. Paterson

  5. University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada

    Michael Power

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  1. Rune Knudsen
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Correspondence to Rune Knudsen.

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Guest editors: C. E. Adams, C. R. Bronte, M. J. Hansen, R. Knudsen & M. Power / Charr Biology, Ecology and Management

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Knudsen, R., Eloranta, A.P., Siwertsson, A. et al. Introduction of Mysis relicta (Mysida) reduces niche segregation between deep-water Arctic charr morphs. Hydrobiologia 840, 245–260 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-3953-4

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