Abstract
A quantum dialogue protocol is proposed based on four-qubit entangled state, which is constructed by an EPR pair and two different single qubits through three controlled-not gates. By using Bell measurements and the corresponding unitary operation, two users can exchange their messages simultaneously and directly without sharing any secret keys beforehand. Security analysis shows that this protocol can resist the-intercept-resend attack and the entanglement-measure attack. The protocol is simple and feasible with current technique.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Nguyen, B.A.: Phys. Lett. A 6, 328 (2004)
Nguyen, B.A.: J. Korean Phys. Soc. 47, 562 (2005)
Dong, L., Xiu, X.M., Gao, Y.J., Chi, F.: Opt. Commun. 281, 6135 (2008)
Zhu, A.D., Xia, Y., Fan, Q.B., Zhang, S.: Phys. Rev. A 73, 022338 (2006)
Xia, Y., Song, J., Song, H.S.: Phys. Scr. 76, 363 (2007)
Xia, Y., Fu, C.B., Zhang, S., Hong, S.K., Yeon, K.H., Um, C.I.: J. Korean Phys. Soc. 48, 24 (2006)
Dong, L., Xiu, X.M., Gao, Y.J., Chi, F.: Commun. Theor. Phys. 52, 853 (2009)
Gao, F., Guo, F., Wen, Q., Zhu, F.: Sci. China Ser. G 51 (5), 559 (2008)
Shi, G.F.: Opt. Commun. 283, 5275 (2010)
Wang, D., et al.: doi:10.1109/ISISE.2010.43
Sun, Y., Wen, Q.Y., Gao, F., Zhu, F.C.: Opt. Commun. 282, 2278 (2009)
Naseri, M.: Int. J. Quantum Inf. 9, 1677 (2011)
Jain, S., Muralidharan, S., Panigrahi, P.K.: Eur. Phys. Lett. 87, 60008 (2009)
Chang, Y., Zhang, S.B., Yan, L.L.: Chin. Phys. Lett. 30, 090301 (2013)
Xia, Y., Song, J., Song, H.S.: Phys. Scr. 76, 363 (2007)
Shi, G.F., Xi, X.Q., Hu, M.L., Yue, R.H.: Opt. Commun. 283, 1984 (2010)
Gao, G.: Opt. Commun. 283, 2288 (2010)
Yin, X.R., Ma, W.P., Liu, W.Y.: Quantum Inf. Process. 12, 3093 (2013)
Wang, H., Zhang, Y.Q., Hu, Y.P.: Int. J. Theor. Phys. 52, 1745 (2013)
Bennett, C.H., Brassard, G., et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 329 (1993)
Gao, T., Yan, F.L., Wang, Z.X.: Phys. A 38, 5761 (2005)
Xiu, X.M., Dong, L., Gao, Y.J., Chi, F.: Opt. Commun. 282, 333 (2009)
Yang, C.W., Tzonelih, H.: Quantum Inf. Process. 12, 2131 (2013)
L, Y.H., Li, X.L., Sang, M.H.: Quantum Inf. Process 12, 3835 (2013)
Chang, Y., Zhang, S.B., Yan L.L., et al.: Phys. Lett. 30, 060301 (2013)
Hillery, M., Buzek, V.: Phys. Rev. A 59, 1829 (1999)
Acknowledgments
This work is supported by National Science Foundation of China (Nos.61072140 and 61373171), Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (No.2010020311003) and the 111 Project (No.B08038).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, M., Ma, W., Shen, D. et al. A Quantum Dialogue Protocol Based on Four-Qubit Entangled State. Int J Theor Phys 54, 1388–1395 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-014-2337-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-014-2337-9