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Osteoblast proliferation and maturation on bioactive fiber-reinforced composite surface

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the proliferation and osteogenic potential of bone-marrow derived osteoblast-like cells on fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) substrates with and without bioactive glass surface modification. Three FRC materials were fabricated for the study: (a) grit-blasted FRC, (b) grit-blasted FRC with bidirectional net reinforcement and (c) FRC with bioactive glass (BAG) coating. Rat bone-marrow derived osteoblast-like cells were harvested and cultured on experimental material plates and on cp. titanium plates (control) for 21 days. The materials’ surfaces were characterized by roughness testing and scanning electron microscopy. Cell growth and differentiation kinetics were subsequently investigated by evaluating proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin (OC) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) production. On day 14, the cell proliferation was significantly lower (P < 0.05) on FRC-BAG than on titanium and FRC. The proliferation on the other three materials was equal throughout the experiment. The maximal ALP activities on FRC, FRC-Net, and titanium were observed on day 21, whereas FRC-BAG had already reached the maximal level on day 14. Expression of osteoblastic markers (OC, BSP) indicates that the fastest osteogenic differentiation takes place on FRC after 7 days. In contrast, a slower differentiation process was observed on titanium than on any other tested material (P < 0.015) at 21 days, as was confirmed by increased mRNA expression of OC and BSP. It can be concluded that the proliferation and maturation of osteoblast-like cells on FRC appears to be comparable to titanium. Presence of BAG enhances cell maturation.

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Acknowledgments

The first author would like to thank the ITI foundation for a research scholarship. This work has been carried out within the Bio- and Nanopolymers Research Group of the Academy of Finland (CoE program 77317, Academy of Finland Grant No: 200077) and was partially funded by the Finnish National Technology Agency, TEKES (No: 40319/02).

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  1. Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkñisenkatu 2, Turku, 20520, Finland

    Ahmed Mansour Ballo, Anne K. Kokkari, Ville V. Meretoja, Lippo L. Lassila, Pekka K. Vallittu & Timo O. Narhi

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  1. Ahmed Mansour Ballo
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Correspondence to Ahmed Mansour Ballo.

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Ballo, A.M., Kokkari, A.K., Meretoja, V.V. et al. Osteoblast proliferation and maturation on bioactive fiber-reinforced composite surface. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 19, 3169–3177 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-008-3453-y

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