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In-vitro inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome by 3,6-dihydroxyflavone (3,6-DHF): a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases

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Abstract

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complex has an important role in immune system and its abnormal activation is associated with the pathogenesis of various inflammatory and auto-immune diseases. The study reveals the anti-inflammatory effects of 3,6-dihydroxyflavone (3,6-DHF). Here, we aimed to determine the inhibitory effects of 3,6-DHF on NLRP3 inflammasome and its associated components, thereby determining the signaling pathways involved in the inhibition. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) were quantified by chemiluminescence and Griess methods, respectively. Inflammatory cell model was induced in human leukemic monocytes (THP-1). mRNA levels were estimated through real-time RT-PCR, protein expressions were evaluated by protein slot blot and immunocytochemistry, MTT and alamar blue assays were employed for toxicity studies. The compound 3,6-DHF was found to be the potent inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome by targeting the molecules involve in its activation pathway. Anti-inflammatory effects were revealed by inhibition of ROS and NO, reduction in the transcription of caspase-1, ASC, IL-1β and TLR-4 was observed along with the marked inhibition of NLRP3, IL-18, NF-κB and pNF-κB at translational level. 3,6-DHF was non-toxic on normal human fibroblast (BJ) and THP-1 cells and, could be a potential therapeutic agent in NLRP3 inflammasome driven diseases.

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Acknowledgements

This research work was financially supported from Higher Education Commission (HEC), Pakistan (Project No. 8263 NRPU 2017-18).

Funding

This study was financially supported by Higher Education Commission (HEC), Pakistan (Project No. 8263 NRPU 2017-18).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan

    Farheen Mansoor, Almas Jabeen & Syeda Farah Shah

  2. H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan

    Shabana U. Simjee, Samina Bano & Shaheen Faizi

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  1. Farheen Mansoor
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  2. Almas Jabeen
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Contributions

All authors read and approved the final manuscript. FM performed. Experimentation, collection and analysis of data and write first draft of manuscript, AJ, concieved the study, design and supervise the experiments, responsible for fund support, revised and finalized the manuscript, SUS, revised the manuscript, contributed in study design and methods, SFS contribute in performing biological assays, SB and SF involved in the selection and provision of compound and manuscript revision.

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Correspondence to Almas Jabeen.

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Human blood was used in this study after ethical approval from Ethics Committee, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS/IEC-008-BC-2015.Protocol/1.0), University of Karachi. Human blood was withdrawn after the written informed consent from the participated subjects.

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Mansoor, F., Jabeen, A., Shah, S.F. et al. In-vitro inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome by 3,6-dihydroxyflavone (3,6-DHF): a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Mol Cell Biochem 478, 555–570 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-022-04527-9

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