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Biodegradation and extracellular enzymatic activities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain GF31 on β-cypermethrin

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Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain GF31, isolated from a contaminated soil, can effectively degrade β-cypermethrin (β-CP), as well as fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, and cyhalothrin. The highest level of degradation (81.2 %) was achieved with the addition of peptone. Surprisingly, the enzyme responsible for degradation was mainly localized to the extracellular areas of the bacteria, in contrast to the other known pyrethroid-degrading enzymes, which are intracellular. Although intact bacterial cells function at about 30 °C for biodegradation, similar to other degrading strains, the crude extracellular extract of strain GF31 remained biologically active at 60 °C. Moreover, the extract fraction showed good storage stability, maintaining >50 % of its initial activity following storage at 25 °C for at least 20 days. Significant differences in the characteristics of the crude GF31 extracellular extract compared with the known pyrethroid-degrading enzymes indicate the presence of a novel pyrethroid-degrading enzyme. Furthermore, the identification of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid and 2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate from the degradation products suggests the possibility that β-CP degradation by both the strain and the crude extracellular fraction is achieved through a hydrolysis pathway. Further degradation of these two metabolites may lead to the development of an efficient method for the mineralization of these types of pollutants.

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Acknowledgments

This work was support in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51108098), the Graduate Student Innovation Projects of Guangxi (No. GXU11T31090), and the Scientific Research Foundation of Guangxi University (No. XJZ120278).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi, China

    Aixing Tang, Bowen Wang, Youyan Liu, Qingyun Li & Zhangfa Tong

  2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biorefinery, 98 Daling Road, Nanning, Guangxi, China

    Youyan Liu & Qingyun Li

  3. Guangxi Plant Protection General Station, National Road, Nanning, Guangxi, China

    Yingjun Wei

Authors
  1. Aixing Tang
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  2. Bowen Wang
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  3. Youyan Liu
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  4. Qingyun Li
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  5. Zhangfa Tong
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  6. Yingjun Wei
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Youyan Liu.

Additional information

Responsible editor: Angeles Blanco

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

S1

The growth curve of strain GF31 (DOCX 15 kb)

S2

The method for crude enzyme preparation (DOCX 13 kb)

S3

The Lineweaver-Burk plots of extracellular crude enzyme (DOCX 13 kb)

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Tang, A., Wang, B., Liu, Y. et al. Biodegradation and extracellular enzymatic activities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain GF31 on β-cypermethrin. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 13049–13057 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4545-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4545-0

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