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Study on the association between ambient air pollution and daily cardiovascular death in Hefei, China

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Abstract

Cardiovascular disease has always been the most serious public health problem in China. Although many studies have found that the risk of death caused by cardiovascular disease is related to air pollutants, the existing results are still inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of air pollutants on the risk of daily cardiovascular deaths in Hefei, China. Daily data on cardiovascular deaths, daily air pollutants, and meteorological factors from 2007 to 2016 were collected in this study. A time-series study design using a distributed lag nonlinear model was employed to evaluate the association between air pollutants and cardiovascular deaths. First, a single air pollutant model was established based on the minimum value of Akaike information criterion (AIC), and the single day lag effects and multi-day lag effects were discussed separately. Then, two-pollutant models were fitted. Subgroup analyses were conducted by gender (male and female), age (< 65 age and ≥ 65 age), and disease type (ischemic heart disease and cerebral vascular disease). There were 34,500 cases of cardiovascular deaths during the period 2007–2016, and the average concentrations of air pollutants (PM10, SO2, NO2, PM2.5, CO, O3) were 106.11, 20.34, 30.49, 72.59, 958.7, and 67.88 μg/m3, respectively. An increase of interquartile range (IQR) in PM10, SO2, NO2, PM2.5, CO, and O3 were associated with an increase of 4.34% (95%CI 1.54~7.23%) at lag 0–6, 5.79% (95%CI 2.43~9.27%) at lag 0–5, 4.47% (95%CI 1.64~7.37%) at lag 0–5, 3.14% (95%CI 0.03~6.36%) at lag 0–4, 3.11% (95%CI 0.21~6.10%) at lag 0–3, and 8.17% (95%CI 1.89~14.84%) at lag 0–5 in cardiovascular deaths, respectively. Females, older group (≥ 65 years) and deaths from cerebral vascular disease were more vulnerable to air pollution than males, younger individuals (< 65 years) and deaths from ischemic heart disease. Our results suggest that air pollution increased the risk of cardiovascular deaths in Hefei. These findings can provide evidence for effective air quality interventions in Hefei.

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Acknowledgments

Appreciation is to all the staff members at the Hefei City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China for the data collection.

Funding

This study was supported by the National Air Pollution Impact on Population Health Monitoring Project (National Health Office Disease Control Letter [2015] No. 397) and Anhui University Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project (0311011105).

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Author notes

  1. Jixiang Xu and Wenfeng Geng contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China

    Jixiang Xu, Wenfeng Geng, Xiya Geng, LongJiang Cui, Tao Ding & Jinxia Zhai

  2. Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 86 Luan Road, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China

    Changchun Xiao & Junqing Zhang

  3. The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China

    Jing Tang

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  1. Jixiang Xu
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Correspondence to Jinxia Zhai.

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Highlights

• The risk of CVD deaths increased with the rising in air pollutant concentrations.

• Females were more vulnerable to air pollution exposure as compared to males which were similar to comparison of ages ≥ 65 and < 65 ages.

• The ER of cerebral vascular disease was significantly correlated with the concentration of PM10, SO2, and NO2, where as ischemic heart disease was only determined by O3.

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Xu, J., Geng, W., Geng, X. et al. Study on the association between ambient air pollution and daily cardiovascular death in Hefei, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 547–561 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06867-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06867-4

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