Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Environmental chemical carcinogens induce transformation of breast epithelial cells from women with familial history of breast cancer

  • Letter To The Editor
  • Scientific Reports
  • Published:
In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  1. Bartkova, J.; Lukas, J.; Müller, H., et al. Cyclin D1 protein expression and function in human breast cancer. Int. J. Cancer 57:353–361; 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Bronner, M. P.; Culin, C.; Reed, J. C., et al. The bcl-2 proto-oncogene and the gastrointestinal epithelial tumor progression model. Am. J. Pathol. 146:20–26; 1995.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Buckley, M. F.; Sweeney, K. J. E.; Hamilton, J. A., et al. Expression and amplification of cyclin genes in human breast cancer. Oncogene 8:2127–2133; 1993.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Calaf, G.; Russo, J. Transformation of human breast epithelial cells by chemical carcinogens. Carcinogenesis 14:483–492; 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Chan, W. K.; Poulsom, R.; Lu, Q. L., et al. Bcl-2 expression in invasive mammary carcinoma: correlation with apoptosis, hormone receptors and p53 expression. J. Pathol. 169:153A; 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Chang, S. E. In vitro transformation of human epithelial cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 823:161–194; 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. DiPaolo, J. A. Relative difficulties in transforming human and animal cells in vitro. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 70:3–8; 1983.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Doll, R. An epidemiological perspective of the biology of cancer. Cancer Res. 38:3573–3583; 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Farber, E. The multistep nature of cancer development. Cancer Res. 44:4217–4223; 1984.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Gee, J. M.; Robertson, J. F.; Ellis, I. O., et al. Immunocytochemical localization of BCL-2 protein in human breast cancers and its relationship to a series of prognostic markers and response to endocrine therapy. Int. J. Cancer 59:619–628; 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Gillet, C.; Fantl, V.; Smith, R., et al. Amplification and overexpression of cyclin D1 in breast cancer detected by immunohistochemical staining. Cancer Res. 54:1812–1817; 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Han, E. K. H.; Sgambato, A.; Jiang, W., et al. Stable overexpression of cyclin D1 in a human mammary epithelial cell line prolongs the Sphase and inhibits growth. Oncogene 10:953–961; 1995.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Hinds, P. W.; Dowdy, S. F.; Eaton, E. N., et al. Function of a human cyclin gene as an oncogene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:709–713; 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Hockenbery, D.; Nunez, G.; Milliman, C., et al. Bcl-2 is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that blocks programmed cell death. Nature 349:334–336; 1990.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Lauwers, G. Y.; Scott, G. V.; Hendricks, J. Immunohistochemical evidence of aberrant bcl-2 protein expression in gastric epithelial dysplasia. Cancer 73:2900–2904; 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Lu, P.J.; Lu, Q. L.; Rughetti, A., et al. Bcl-2 overexpression inhibits cell death and promotes the morphogenesis, but not tumorigenesis of human mammary epithelial cells. J. Cell Biol. 129:1363–1378; 1995.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Lynch, H. T.; Lynch, J. F. Breast cancer genetics in an oncology clinic: 328 consecutive patients. Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 22:369–371; 1986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Marcus, J. N.; Watson, P.; Page, D. L., et al. Hereditary breast cancer: pathobiology, prognosis, and BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene linkage. Cancer 77:697–709; 1996.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Marshall, E. Search for a killer: focus shifts from fat to hormones. Science 259:618–621; 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. McDonnell, T. J.; Deane, N.; Platt, F. M., et al. Bcl-2 immunoglobulin transgenic mice demonstrate extended B cell survival and follicular lymphoproliferation. Cell 57:79–88; 1989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. McDonnell, T.J.; Korsmeyer, S. J. Progression from lymphoid hyperplasia to high-grade malignant lymphoma in mice transgenic for the 4(14:18). Nature 349:254–256; 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Montesano, R.; Tomatis, L. Legislation concerning chemical carcinogens in several industrialized countries. Cancer Res. 37:310–316; 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Motokura, T.; Bloom, T.; Kim, H. G., et al. A novel cyclin encoded by a bcl1-linked candidate oncogene. Nature 350:512–515; 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Musgrove, E. A.; Lee, C. S.; Buckley, M. F., et al. Cyclin D1 induction in breast cancer cells shortens G1 and is sufficient for cells arrested in G1 to complete the cell cycle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:8022–8026; 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Nakagawa, K.; Yamamura, K.; Maeda, S., et al. Bcl-2 expression in epidermal keratinocytic diseases. Cancer 74:1720–1724; 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Nataraj, A.; Pathak, S.; Hopwood, V. L., et al. Bcl-2 oncogene blocks differentiation and extends viability but does not immortalize normal human keratinocytes. Int. J. Oncol. 4:1211–1218; 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Putnam, D. L.; Park, D. K.; Rhim, J. S., et al. Correlation of cellular aggregation of transformed cells and their growth in soft agar and tumorigenic potential. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 155:487–494; 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Reed, J. C.; Cuddy, M.; Haldar, S., et al. BCL2-mediated tumorigenicity of a human T-lymphoid cell line: synergy with MYC and inhibition by BCL2 antisense. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:3660–3664; 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Russo, J.; Barnabas, N.; Zhang, P. L., et al. Molecular basis of breast cell transformation. Radiat. Oncol. Invest. 3:424–429; 1996.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Russo, J.; Calaf, G.; Sohi, N., et al. Critical steps in breast carcinogenesis. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 698:1–20; 1993.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Russo, J.; Reina, D.; Frederick, J., et al. Expression of phenotypical changes by human breast epithelial cells treated with carcinogens in vitro. Cancer Res. 48:2837–2857; 1988.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Sabourin, J. C.; Martin, A.; Baruch, J., et al. Bcl-2 expression in normal breast tissue during the menstrual cycle. Int. J. Cancer 59:1–6; 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Seidman, H.; Stellman, S. D.; Mushinski, M. H. A different perspective on breast cancer risk factors: some implications of the nonattributable risk. Ca Cancer J. Clin. 32:301–313; 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Sherr, C. J. G1 phase progression: cycling on cue. Cell 79:551–555; 1994.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Stampfer, M. R.; Bartley, J. C. Induction of transformation and continuous cell lines from normal human mammary epithelial cells after exposure to benzo[a]pyrene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:2394–2398; 1984.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Stoll, B. A. Reducing breast cancer risk in women. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1995:3–9.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Traul, K. A.; Takayama, K.; Kachevsky, V., et al. A rapid in vitro assay for carcinogenicity of chemical substances in mammalian cells utilizing an attachment independence endpoint-2-assay validations. J. Appl. Toxicol. 1:190; 1981.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Tsujimoto, Y.; Croce, C. M. Analysis of the structure, transcripts, and protein products of bcl-2, the gene involved in human follicular lymphoma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:5214–5218; 1986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Weistat-Saslow, D.; Merino, M. J.; Richard, E. M., et al. Overexpression of cyclin D mRNA distinguish invasive and in situ breast carcinomas from non-malignant lesions. Nature Med. 1:1257–1260; 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Zhang, S. Y.; Camano, J.; Cooper, F., et al. Immunohistochemistry of cyclin D1 in human breast cancer. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 102:695–698; 1994.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hu, Y.F., Lynch, H.T., Russo, I.H. et al. Environmental chemical carcinogens induce transformation of breast epithelial cells from women with familial history of breast cancer. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Animal 33, 495–498 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-997-0090-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11626-997-0090-6

Keywords

Navigation