Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Shenling Baizhu Powder (参苓白术散) Ameliorates Pi (Spleen)-Deficiency-Induced Functional Diarrhea in Rats

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

To explore the mechanism of Pi (Spleen)-deficiency-induced functional diarrhea (FD) model rats treated by Shenling Baizhu Powder (参苓白术散, SBP).

Methods

Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups including control, model, low-, medium-, and high-dose SBP groups (SBPLDG, SBPMDG, SBPHDG), 6 rats in each group, respectively. Pi-deficiency-induced FD rats model was developed through Radix et Rhizoma Rhei gavage for 7 days. After modeling, the rats were treated with 3 doses of SBP [0.93, 1.86, and 3.72 g/(kg·d)], and the rats in the control and model groups were given pure water for 7 days. The diarrhea index was calculated. On the 7th and 14th days, the traveled distance of rat was measured by the open field test. Serum D-xylose content was determined by the phloroglucinol method and interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-17 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. The content of Treg cells was determined by flow cytometry.

Results

Compared with the control group, the diarrhea index and IL-17 level in the model group were significantly higher and the total exercise distance and D-xylose content significantly decreased (P>0.05). The expression of IL-10 in the SBPHDG group was significantly up-regulated, and serum D-xylose level and Treg cells increased significantly compared with the model group (P>0.05).

Conclusion

High-dose SBP exhibited ameliorating effects against Pi-deficiency induced FD, which might be attributed to its modulations on intestinal absorption function as well as adaptive immunity in mesenteric lymph nodes of rat.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Carrasco-Labra A, Lytvyn L, Falck-Ytter Y, Surawicz CM, Chey WD. AGA technical review on the evaluation of functional diarrhea and diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome in adults (IBS-D). Gastroenterology 2019;157:859–880.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Beckic S. Functional bloating, constipation and diarrhea. Acta Med Croatica 2015;69:253–262.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Zhu JJ, Liu S, Su XL, Wang ZS, Guo Y, Li YJ, et al. Efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2016;2016:4071260.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Li J, Wang CJ, Li YF, Meng GD, Cao XJ. Effect of Shenling Baizhu Powder on intestinal epithelial light junctions in rats with functional diarrhea. Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form (Chin) 2016;22:102–107.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Zhang ZL, Zhong L, Zang ZH, Xin ZW. The effect of Shenling Baizhu Powder on gastrointestinal motility. Lishizhen Med Mater Med Res (Chin) 2009;20:3151–3152.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Singh P, Lee HN, Rangan V, Ballou S, Lembo J, Katon J, et al. Similarities in clinical and psychosocial characteristics of functional diarrhea and irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020;18:399–405.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Han HR, Song GL, Hu S. Mechanism of the function of Shenlin Baizhu Powder on diarrhea due to malabsorption syndrom induced by rhubarb. Modern J Integr Tradit Chin West Med (Chin) 2008;1:15–16.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Rothstein DM, Camirand G. New insights into the mechanisms of Treg function. Curr Opin Organ Transpl 2015;20:376–384.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Aito U, Abhisek G, Daniel H, Ji L, Humberto J. Th17 plasticity and its changes associated with inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2015;21:12283–12295.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Pan X, Xu K, Xiong R, Chen ZM, Hu CJ, Feng J, et al. Therapeutic effect of Ershen Pill extract on Pi (Spleen)-Shen (Kidney) Yang deficiency-induced diarrhea in rat model. Chin J Integr Med 2019;25:536–542.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Xiao Y, Deng XL, Fu NL, Chen J. Establishment of rat model of spleen-deficiency functional diarrhea. World Latest Med Inform (Chin) 2019;96:219–221.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Bai SJ, Li F, Tang XD, Ma J, Liu J, Han CX, et al. Developing of functional diarrhea of Spleen deficiency syndrome animal model. J Liaoning Univ Tradit Chin Med (Chin) 2015;17:86–88.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Shyong YJ, Wang MH, Kuo LW, Su CF, Kuo WT, Chang KC, et al. Mesoporous hydroxyapatite as a carrier of olanzapine for long-acting antidepression treatment in rats with induced depression. J Control Release 2017;255:62–72.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Li S, Wu W C, He CY, Han Z, Jin DY, Wang L. Change of intestinal mucosa barrier function in the progress of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rats. World J Gastroenterol 2008;14:3254–3258.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Wang WM. Research on the relationship between dose and effect of functional diarrhea treated with Shenling Baizhu Powder. J Basic Chin Med (Chin) 2017;23:362–363, 436.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Luo J. Analysis of the effect of Lizhong Decoction and Shenling Baizhu Powder for children with functional diarrhea. Contemp Med Symposium (Chin) 2019;17:197–198.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Gao MY. Clinical observation of Shenling Baizhu Powder with Sishen Pill for the treatment of spleen deficiency type of functional diarrhea[D]. Shijiazhuang: Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, 2016.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Zhu J, Liu S, Guo Y, Hou L, Su X, Li Y, et al. A new model of diarrhea with Spleen-Kidney Yang deficiency syndrome. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018;2018:1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Herrmann JR, Turner JR. Beyond using’s chambers: contemporary thoughts on integration of transepithelial transport. Am J Cell Physiol 2016;310:C423–C431.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Huntley NF, Patience JF. Xylose: absorption, fermentation, and post-absorptive metabolism in the pig. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2018;9:4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Tveito K, Brunborg C, Bratlie J, Askedal M, Sandvik L, Lundin KE, et al. Intestinal malabsorption of D-xylose: comparison of test modalities in patients with celiac disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 2010;45:1289–1294.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Yin X, Liu B, Wei H, Wu S, Guo L, Xu F, et al. Activation of the Notch signaling pathway disturbs the CD4(+)/CD8(+), Th17/Treg balance in rats with experimental autoimmune uveitis. Inflam Res 2019;68:761–774.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Long Y, Li S, Qin J, Xie L, Gan L, Jie F, et al. Kuijieling regulates the differentiation of Treg and Th17 cells to ameliorate experimental colitis in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018;105:781–788.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Hernandez-Santos N, Huppler AR, Peterson AC, Khader SA, Mckenna KC, Gaffen SL. Th17 cells confer long-term adaptive immunity to oral mucosal Candida albicans infections. Mucosal Immunol 2013;6:900–910.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Ross PJ, Sutton CE, Higgins S, Allen AC, Walsh K, Misiak A, et al. Relative contribution of Th1 and Th17 cells in adaptive immunity to Bordetella pertussis: towards the rational design of an improved acellular pertussis vaccine. PLoS Pathog 2013;9:e1003264.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Hurtado CG, Wan F, Housseau F, Sears CL. Roles for interleukin 17 and adaptive immunity in pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Gastroenterology 2018;155:1706–1715.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Taleb S, Tedgui A, Mallat Z. IL-17 and Th17 cells in atherosclerosis: subtle and contextual roles. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015;35:258–264.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Shouval DS, Biswas A, Goettel JA, Mccann K, Conaway E, Redhu NS, et al. Interleukin-10 receptor signaling in innate immune cells regulates mucosal immune tolerance and antiinflammatory macrophage function. Immunity 2014;40:706–719.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Hong JW, Lim JH, Chung CJ, Kang TJ, Kim TY, Kim YS, et al. Immune tolerance of human dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells mediated by CD4(+)CD25(+) FoxP3(+) regulatory T-cells and induced by TGF-beta1 and IL-10. Yonsei Med J 2017;58:1031–1039.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Wei X, Zhang J, Gu Q, Huang M, Zhang W, Guo J, et al. Reciprocal expression of IL-35 and IL-10 defines two distinct effector Treg subsets that are required for maintenance of immune tolerance. Cell Rep 2017;21:1853–1869.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Palomares O, Martin-Fontecha M, Lauener R, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Cavkaytar O, Akdis M, et al. Regulatory T cells and immune regulation of allergic diseases: roles of IL-10 and TGF-beta. Genes Immun 2014;15:511–520.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510062, China

    Yi Xiao, Kui Zhang, Si-yu Zhu, Nan-lin Fu & Jia Chen

  2. School of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Yi Xiao, Kui Zhang, Si-yu Zhu, Xiang-liang Deng, Nan-lin Fu & Jia Chen

  3. School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China

    Xiao-yin Chen

Authors
  1. Yi Xiao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kui Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Si-yu Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Xiang-liang Deng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Xiao-yin Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Nan-lin Fu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Jia Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Xiao Y was involved in all aspects of research, analyzed the data, and drafted the manuscript; Zhuang K and Zhu SY performed the experiments and analyzed the data; Deng XL and Chen XY contributed to revising the manuscript; Fu NL and Chen J participated in research design and supervision of the study.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jia Chen.

Ethics declarations

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81703956, 81830114, 81774164)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Xiao, Y., Zhang, K., Zhu, Sy. et al. Shenling Baizhu Powder (参苓白术散) Ameliorates Pi (Spleen)-Deficiency-Induced Functional Diarrhea in Rats. Chin. J. Integr. Med. 27, 206–211 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-020-3259-4

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-020-3259-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation