Abstract
Summary
Hip fracture incidence is not known in India. This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate hip fracture incidence rates in Rohtak, a single district of North India. A total of 304 patients from this district with hip fracture were hospitalized during the calendar year 2009. The crude hip fracture rates were found to be 159 and 105 per 100,000, respectively, in women and men above the age of 50 years. Hip fracture is a significant health problem in North India.
Purpose
This aims to study hip fracture incidence in Rohtak district of North India.
Methods
The study was conducted in Rohtak district, Haryana state, India located 80 km north of New Delhi. All patients having hip fracture admitted in Pandit B.D. Sharma Postgraduate Institute or one of the four orthopaedic centres located in Rohtak in year 2009 were included. Total population of Rohtak for the year 2009 was used to calculate age-specific hip fracture incidence.
Results
A total of 541 patients with hip fracture were hospitalized in Rohtak district in year 2009. Out of these, 304 were from Rohtak district. Hip fracture crude incidence above the age of 50 years was 129 per 100,000. The corresponding figures were 105 and 159 per 100,000 among men and women, respectively. Hip fracture incidence was similar in both sexes till age of 55 years. From age of 55 onwards, the rates were significantly higher in women.
Conclusions
This is the first hip fracture incidence study from India. Hip fracture incidence rates in Rohtak district of India are intermediate between those in the industrialised world and Africa and similar to some of Asian countries such as China, Iran and South Korea. This study will help in formulating strategies for prevention of hip fracture in India.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Johnell O, Kanis JA (2006) An estimate of the worldwide prevalence and disability associated with osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int 17:1726–1733
Cooper C, Campion G, Melton LJ III (1992) Hip fractures in the elderly: a world-wide projection. Osteoporos Int 2:285–289
Dhanwal DK, Dennison EM, Harvey NC, Cooper C (2011) Epidemiology of hip fracture: world wide geographic variations. Indian J Orthop 45:15–22
Dhanwal DK, Cooper C, Dennison EM (2010) Geographic variation in osteoporotic hip fracture incidence: the growing importance of Asian influences in coming decades. J Osteoporos 2:757102
Cheng SY, Levy AR, Lefaivre KA et al (2011) Geographic trends in incidence of hip fractures: a comprehensive literature review. Osteoporos Int 22:2575–2586
Lau EM, Lee JK, Suriwongpaisal P et al (2001) The incidence of hip fracture in four Asian countries: the Asian Osteoporosis Study (AOS). Osteoporos Int 12:239–243
Hagino H, Katagiri H, Okano T et al (2005) Increasing incidence of hip fracture in Tottori Prefecture, Japan: trend from 1986 to 2001. Osteoporos Int 16:1963–1968
Johnell O, Borgstrom F, Jonsson B et al (2007) Latitude, socioeconomic prosperity, mobile phones and hip fracture risk. Osteoporos Int 18:333–337
Malhotra N, Mithal A (2008) Osteoporosis in Indians. Ind J Med Res 127:263–268
Dhanwal DK, Sahoo S, Gautam VK, Saha R (2013) Hip fracture patients in India have vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Osteoporos Int 24:553–557
Koh LK, Saw SM, Lee JJ, Leong KH, Lee J, National Working Committee on Osteoporosis (1998) Hip fracture incidence rates in Singapore 1991-1998. Osteoporos Int 12:311–318
Gupta AK, Samuel KC, Kurian PM, Rallan RC (1967) Preliminary study of the incidence and aetiology of femoral neck fracture in Indians. Indian J Med Res 55:1341–1348
Kim SR, Ha YC, Kim JR, Kim R, Kim SY, Koo KH (2010) Incidence of hip fractures in Jeju Island, South Korea: a prospective study (2002-2006). Clin Orthop Surg 2:64–68
Moayyeri A, Soltani A, Larijani B, Naghavi M, Alaeddini F, Abolhassani F (2006) Epidemiology of hip fracture in Iran: results from the Iranian multicenter study on accidental injuries. Osteoporos Int 17:1252–1257
Clark P, Lavielle P, Franco-Marina F et al (2005) Incidence rates and life-time risk of hip fractures in Mexicans over 50 years of age: a population-based study. Osteoporos Int 16:2025–2030
Zhang L, Cheng A, Bai Z, Lu Y, Endo N, Dohmae Y, Takahashi HE (2000) Epidemiology of cervical and trochanteric fractures of the proximal femur in 1994 in Tangshan, China. J Bone Miner Metab 18:84–88
Hagino H, Katagiri H, Okano T, Yamamoto K, Teshima R (2001) Increasing incidence of hip fracture in Tottori Prefecture, Japan: trend from 1986 to 2001. Osteoporos Int 16:1963–1968
Støen RO, Nordsletten L, Meyer HE, Frihagen JF, Falch JA, Lofthus CM (2012) Hip fracture incidence is decreasing in the high incidence area of Oslo, Norway. Osteoporos Int 23:2527–2534
Ho SC, Bacon WE, Harris T, Looker A, Maggi S (1993) Hip fracture rates in Hong Kong and the United States, 1988 through 1989. Am J Public Health 83:694–697
Boufous S, Finch CF, Lord SR (2004) Incidence of hip fracture in New South Wales: are our efforts having an effect? Med J Aust 180:623–626
Yan L, Zhou B, Prentice A, Wang X, Golden MH (1999) Epidemiological study of hip fracture in Shenyang, People's Republic of China. Bone 24:151–155
Reira-Espinoza G (2009) Epidemiology of osteoporosis in Latin America 2008. Salud publica Mex 51(Suppl 1):S525–S551
El Maghraoui A, Koumba BA, Jroundi I, Achemlal L, Bezza A, Tazi MA (2005) Epidemiology of hip fracture in 2002 in Rabat, Morocco. Osteoporos Int 16:597–602
Cooper C, Cole ZA, Holroyd CR et al (2011) Secular trends in the incidence of hip and other osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporos Int 22:1277–1288
Kannus P, Niemi S, Parkkari J, Palvanen M, Vuori I, Järvinen M (2006) Nationwide decline in incidence of hip fracture. J Bone Miner Res 21:1836–1838
Korhonen N, Niemi S, Parkkari J, Sievänen H, Palvanen M, Kannus P (2013) Continuous decline in incidence of hip fracture: nationwide statistics from Finland between 1970 and 2010. Osteoporos Int 23(10):2527–2534
Acknowledgments
We acknowledge Dr. Ishwar Singh, Dr. Manav Moda, Dr. S.K. Mudgil and Dr. Shailender for providing hip fracture data from their hospitals.
Conflicts of interest
None.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dhanwal, D.K., Siwach, R., Dixit, V. et al. Incidence of hip fracture in Rohtak district, North India. Arch Osteoporos 8, 135 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-013-0135-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-013-0135-2