Abstract
The 450 and 600 °C isothermal sections of the Ni-V-Zn ternary system have been investigated through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and x-ray Diffraction (XRD) technique. Eight three-phase regions have been confirmed at the 450 °C section and nine three-phase regions exist at the 600 °C one. Experimental results indicate that it is difficult for Ni to dissolve in VZn3 and V4Zn5. The solid solubilities of V in γ(Ni2Zn11) and β1(NiZn) are 1.4 and 3.7 at.% at 450 °C, respectively, while V in γ and β1 are 2.5 and 4.0 at.% at 600 °C, respectively. The solid solubilities of Zn in Ni2V7, σ(Ni2V3), Ni2V and Ni3V are 0.5, 4.7, 2.3 and 2.6 at.% at 450 °C as well as 0.5, 9.5, 2.2 and 2.8 at.% at 600 °C, respectively. No ternary compound has been found in this work.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sandelin, W. R. Galvanizing Characteristics of Different Types of Steel. American Hot Dip Galvanizers Association, (1940) 655-676
J. Foct, P. Perrot, and G. Reumont, Interpretation of the Role of Silicon on the Galvanizing Reaction Based on Kinetics, Morphology and Thermodynamics, Scripta Meta., 1993, 28(10), p 1195-1200
H. Guttman and P. Niessen, Reactivity of Silicon Steels Hot-Dip Galvanizing, J. Can. Metall. Q., 2013, 11(4), p 609-615
G. Reumont, P. Perrot, and J. Foct, Thermodynamic Study of the Galvanizing Process in a Zn-0.1%Ni Bath, J. Mat. Sci., 1998, 33(19), p 4759-4768
R. Fratesi, N. Ruffini, M. Malavolta, and T. Bellezze, Contemporary Use of Ni and Bi in Hot-Dip Galvanizing, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2002, 157(1), p 34-39
J. Mackowiak and N.R. Short, Metallurgy of Galvanized Coatings, Int. Mater. Rev., 2013, 24(1), p 1-19
M. B. Ferrero, P. T. Royo. 2-1 Reduction of Coating Thickness Improving Corrosion Resistance of Hot Dip Zn-Ni-V (Ecozinc) Versus Conventional Hot Dip Galvanizing Coatings; proceedings of the APGGC, F, 2007.
B. Ferrero, M. Sprang. Zinc alloys yielding anticorrosive coatings on ferrous materials. US, 2002.
Q.Y. Xu and W. Zhou, Oxidation Behaviors of Hot-Dipped Zn-Ni-V Alloy Coating, J. South China Univ. Technol. Nat. Sci. Ed., 2010, 38(9), p 85-89
Q.Y. Xu and W. Zhou, Microstructure and Corrosion Electrochemical Behavior of Hot-dipped Zn-Ni-V Coating, J. Mat. Eng., 2011, 2, p 92-96
J.F. Smith, O.N. Carlson, and P.G. Nash, The Ni-V (Nickel-Vanadium) System, Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams, 1982, 3(3), p 342-348
M. Hansen and K. Anderko, Constitution of Binary Alloys, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1958
T.B. Massalski, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, ASM Int, Mater Park, 1990
P. Nash and Y.Y. Pan, The Ni-Zn (Nickel-Zinc) System, Alloy Phase Diagrams, 1987, 8, p 422-430
P. Nash. Phase diagrams of binary nickel alloys. ASM Int., (1991) 394-394
W. Piotrowski, The Structure of Zinc Alloys with Vanadium, Hutnik, 1965, 32, p 135-143
H. Okamoto. V-Zn (Vanadium-Zinc). J. Phase Equilib. Diff., (2011) 259-259
K. Chang, Y. Du, W. Sun, H. Xu, and L.C. Zhou, Thermodynamic Assessment of the V-Zn System Supported by key Experiments and First-Principles Calculations, Calphad, 2010, 34(1), p 75-80
C. Wu, X. Su, D. Liu, X. Wang, J. Wang, Z. Li, and H. Peng, The V-Zn Binary System: new Experimental Results and Thermodynamic Assessment, Calphad, 2011, 35(3), p 403-410
A.A. Nayeb-Hashemi and J.B. Clark, The Mg-Ni (Magnesium-Nickel) System, Bull. Alloy Phase Diagr., 1985, 6(3), p 238-244
A. Seybolt and H. Sumsion, Studies on Vanadium Oxides, J. Met., 1953, 5, p 292-299
N.W. Gregory, Standard x-Ray Diffraction Powder Patterns, J. Phys. Today, 1954, 7, p 22-22
M.G. Chasanov, R. Schablaske, and P.D. Hunt, Zine-Vanadium Phase Diagram, Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME, 1963, 227, p 485-488
P. Villars and L.D. Calvert, Pearson’s Handbook of Crystal-lographic Data for Intermetallic Phases, ASM, Metals Park, 1997
S. Lau, Y.A. Chang, and S. Kou, TheRmodynamics of the β’-NiZn Intermetallic Phase Exhibiting the CsCl-Structure, Metall. Trans., 1974, 5(9), p 1979-1986
W.W. Liang, Y.A. Chang, and S. Lau, The Effect of Lattice Disorder on the Thermodynamic Properties of the F.C. tetragonal β1-NiZn Alloys, Acta Metall., 1973, 21(5), p 629-637
L. Hammond and D. Wright, Structural Characterisation of Corrosion Inhibiting Zinc Nickel Electroplate by Rietveld Methods, Mater. Sci. Forum, 1993, 133–136, p 501-506
X. Su, N.Y. Tang, and J.M. Toguri, 450 & #xB0;C Isothermal Section of the Fe-Zn-Si Ternary Phase Diagram, J. Can. Metall. Q., 2013, 40(3), p 377-384
Acknowledgments
This investigation is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51971189).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cui, D., Yang, H., Long, Z. et al. Experimental Investigation of the Ni-V-Zn Ternary System. J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 42, 91–101 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-020-00861-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-020-00861-x