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Physiological effects and transport of 24-epibrassinolide in heat-stressed barley

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Abstract

This paper presents a study of the metabolic response (dark respiration intensity, photosystem II efficiency, metabolic activity) and the yield of barley treated with 24-epibrassinolide and subjected to high-temperature stress. Transport of exogenously applied 24-epibrassinolide in barley and changes in the profile of brassinosteroids that may occur in tissues after 24-epibrassinolide application were also studied. The water solution of 24-epibrassinolide (0.005 and 0.25 mg dm−3) was applied via infiltration of the first and second leaves of 12-day-old seedlings. Control plants were treated with water solution of hormone solvent (ethanol). Fifteen-day-old plants were subjected to high-temperature stress (42°C for 3 h). The influence of hormone treatment and stress conditions was investigated in the first and second leaves based on measurements of PSII efficiency. The aftereffect of plant treatment was investigated in the seventh leaf (measurements of PS II efficiency, dark respiration intensity, metabolic activity). The transport efficiency of 24-epibrassinolide exogenously applied to the first and second leaves, as well as the profile of other brassinosteroids, was also measured on the seventh leaf. Finally, yield formation was estimated. 24-epibrassinolide showed protective action, which manifested itself in the improved functioning of PSII, but this was observed in case of higher hormone concentration and only for the first, older leaf. The PSII efficiency of the seventh leaf was similar in plants treated with brassinosteroid and in the control plants, whereas the respiration intensity and metabolic activity decreased in plants previously treated with higher concentration of 24-epibrassinolide. The use of a higher hormone concentration at the seedling phase ultimately resulted also in lower crop yield. Brassinosteroids—brassinolide and castasterone—were detected in barley leaves. 24-epibrassinolide was found only in trace amounts in control plants. Its exogenous application directly to the apoplast of the first and second leaves resulted in an increase in the 24-epibrassinolide content in the seventh leaf, but did not depend on whether a high or low concentration had been applied to the plants.

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Abbreviations

BR(s):

Brassinosteroid(s)

BR27 :

24-Epibrassinolide according to Mandava (1988) or Zullo and Kohout (2004)

DW:

Dry weight

FW:

Fresh weight

HP:

Heat production

HSP:

Heat shock proteins

PSII:

Photosystem II

SE:

Standard error

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the European Union CROPSTRESS Program, Project QLK5-CT-2002-30424, by GAAS CR (IAA 400550801) and Grant MSM 6198959216. The authors would like to thank Dr Balázs Barna (Plant Protection Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences) for the method of leaf infiltration and Dr Ondrej Novak for help with HPLC–MS/MS measurements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 21 Niezapominajek, 30-239, Kraków, Poland

    Anna Janeczko & Magdalena Mirek

  2. Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Institute of Experimental Botany Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic

    Jana Oklešťková

  3. Department of Plant Physiology, University of Agriculture, 3 Podłużna, 30-239, Kraków, Poland

    Ewa Pociecha & Janusz Kościelniak

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  1. Anna Janeczko
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Correspondence to Anna Janeczko.

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Communicated by W. Filek.

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Janeczko, A., Oklešťková, J., Pociecha, E. et al. Physiological effects and transport of 24-epibrassinolide in heat-stressed barley. Acta Physiol Plant 33, 1249–1259 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-010-0655-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-010-0655-y

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