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Update on HIV Dementia and HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders

  • Dementia (KS Marder, Section Editor)
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Abstract

The introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has dramatically reduced the risk of central nervous system opportunistic infection and severe dementia secondary to HIV infection in the last two decades. However, a milder form of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains prevalent in the cART era and has a significant impact on patients’ quality of life. In this review, we outline updated research findings on investigating and monitoring cognitive impairment in HAND patients. The outcomes of recent research on the pathogenesis of HAND and how it overlaps with neurodegenerative diseases are discussed. Lastly, there is a brief discussion of the results of clinical trials using a brain-penetrating cART regimen.

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Bruce J. Brew and Phillip Chan declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia

    Bruce J. Brew

  2. Neurology Department, St Vincent’s Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia

    Bruce J. Brew

  3. HIV Department, St Vincent’s Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia

    Bruce J. Brew

  4. St Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia

    Bruce J. Brew

  5. Neurology Team, Department of Internal Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong

    Phillip Chan

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Brew, B.J., Chan, P. Update on HIV Dementia and HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 14, 468 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-014-0468-2

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