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Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Emerging Therapies

  • Epidemiology and Pathophysiology (RA Adler, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Spinal cord injury causes rapid, severe osteoporosis with increased fracture risk. Mechanical unloading after paralysis results in increased osteocyte expression of sclerostin, suppressed bone formation, and indirect stimulation of bone resorption. At this time, there are no clinical guidelines to prevent bone loss after SCI, and fractures are common. More research is required to define the pathophysiology and epidemiology of SCI-induced osteoporosis. This review summarizes emerging therapeutics including anti-sclerostin antibodies, mechanical loading of the lower extremity with electrical stimulation, and mechanical stimulation via vibration therapy.

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The authors reported no potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA

    Ricardo A. Battaglino & Leslie R. Morse

  2. Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    Ricardo A. Battaglino

  3. Primary Care and Rheumatology Sections, VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University School of Medicine, 150 S Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02130, USA

    Antonio A. Lazzari

  4. Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section, Medical Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 Veterans of Foreign Wars Parkway, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA

    Eric Garshick

  5. Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Eric Garshick

  6. Spaulding-Harvard SCI Model System, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, 125 Nashua Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    Leslie R. Morse

  7. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Leslie R. Morse

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  1. Ricardo A. Battaglino
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  2. Antonio A. Lazzari
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  3. Eric Garshick
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  4. Leslie R. Morse
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Correspondence to Leslie R. Morse.

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Battaglino, R.A., Lazzari, A.A., Garshick, E. et al. Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and Emerging Therapies. Curr Osteoporos Rep 10, 278–285 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-012-0117-0

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