Abstract
Heavy metal pollution due to anthropogenic activities poses a great threat to aquatic organisms. The present study was conducted to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of hexavalent chromium (potassium dichromate) on hemato-biochemical, histo-pathological, and genetical changes in striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Three sub-lethal doses (0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 mg/L) of chromium (Cr) were selected and fish were exposed in vivo contrasting with a control (0 mg/L) for 30 days. The study revealed that various hemato-biochemical parameters showed a significant decrease in hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), and blood glucose content, whereas white blood cells (WBCs) significantly increased in Cr exposed fish. Frequencies of all forms of structural abnormalities of erythrocytes (erythrocytic cellular abnormalities; ECA, erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities; ENA and erythroblasts; Ebs) were significantly increased in higher two test concentrations (1.6 and 3.2 mg/L) when compared to control. Differential leucocyte count exhibited significant increase in neutrophil and decrease in lymphocytes in the highest Cr treated group. The severity of various histo-pathological changes in the gills, liver, and kidney were increased considerably with the increase of Cr concentrations. Similarly, the amount of DNA (ng/μl) decreased significantly in blood and tissues of different vital organs where the liver showed the highest decline compared to control in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken altogether, P. hypophthalmus is susceptible to Cr and can be used as a bio-indicator to assess aquatic metal pollution.
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Data Availability
Data sharing are not applicable to this article. The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author (M. Shahjahan).
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We are really grateful to Rayeda Jannat for her help in sampling and technical assistance.
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This study was supported by the grants from the NATP-II, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (CRG-364) and Ministry of Education of Bangladesh (2017/503/MoE) to the corresponding author (Md. Shahjahan).
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Suchana, Ahmed, and Islam performed the experiments and collected data. Rahman and Rohani drafted the manuscript. Ferdusi assisted in data collection. Ahmmad, Fatema, and Badruzzaman were assisted in data analysis and edited the manuscript. Md. Shahjahan assisted in the experimental design and edited the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.
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Suchana, S.A., Ahmed, M.S., Islam, S.M.M. et al. Chromium Exposure Causes Structural Aberrations of Erythrocytes, Gills, Liver, Kidney, and Genetic Damage in Striped Catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Biol Trace Elem Res 199, 3869–3885 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02490-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02490-4