Abstract
The impact of mating structure on progeny performance is not routinely analyzed in potato breeding programs, despite the importance of choosing parental lines. Varying degrees of assortative and disassortative mating can have a significant effect on the agronomic performance and cold chipping ability of potato breeding clones. A disassortative mating strategy of crossing parents from different market types can incorporate commercially relevant traits into a market class which lacked that trait. Here we report the effect of mating structure in three breeding families created from parental lines from different market classes, within the same market class, and from self-pollination. Disassortative mating structure produced clones with increased yield and tuber size while assortative mating produced clones with improved cold-storage chipping ability. Inbreeding depression was observed for yield, tuber traits, and chip color in the selfed progeny. Chip color in a russet type clone was improved through crossing with an elite chipping parent, demonstrating a viable method for improving russet processing quality. Mating structure explained a significant proportion of phenotypic variance for yield, tuber, and chipping traits across the three families. Discriminant analysis of principal components and genetic distance based on SNP markers from the SolCAP project were able to discriminate among family types and were informative about the relative diversity generated from each particular cross. A number of promising genotypes from both the russet × chipper family and the chipper × chipper families were identified which outperformed parental varieties for chip color and tuber size.
Resumen
El impacto en la estructura de apareamiento en el comportamiento de la progenie no se analiza de rutina en los programas de mejoramiento de papa, a pesar de la importancia de la selección de las líneas parentales. La variabilidad de grados de cruzamiento al azar y no al azar puede tener un efecto significativo en el comportamiento agronómico y en la habilidad de freído en frío de los clones de papa. Una estrategia de cruzas no al azar de los progenitores de diferentes tipos de mercado puede incorporar comercialmente caracteres relevantes en una clase de mercado que carecía de tal característica. Aquí reportamos el efecto de estructura de cruzas en tres familias de mejoramiento creadas de líneas parentales de diferentes clases de mercado, dentro de la misma clase, y de autopolinización. La estructura de apareamiento no agrupada produjo clones con aumento en el rendimiento y tamaño de tubérculo, mientras que el cruzamiento agrupado no al azar produjo clones con habilidad mejorada de freído en almacenamiento en frío. Se observó depresión endogámica para rendimiento, características de tubérculo y color de freído en la progenie de autocruzas. Se mejoró el color del freído en un clon tipo russet mediante el cruzamiento con un progenitor élite de freído, con lo que se demuestra un método viable para mejorar la calidad de procesamiento en tipo russet. La estructura de los cruzamientos explicaron una proporción significativa de varianza fenotípica para caracteres de rendimiento, tubérculo y freído a lo largo de las tres familias. El análisis discriminativo de los componentes principales y de distancia genética con base en marcadores SNP del proyecto SolCAP fue capaz de diferenciar entre los tipos de familia y fueron informativos acerca de la diversidad relativa generada por cada cruza en particular. Se identificó un número de genotipos prometedores tanto de la familia de piel rugosa × procesamiento (russet × chipper) como de la de procesamiento × procesamiento (chipper × chipper) que superaron a las variedades de los progenitores para color de la hojuela y tamaño de tubérculo.
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Acknowledgments
This research was completed by Kyle Rak as a part of his PhD dissertation. He was supported by fellowships from Monsanto Company and the Wisconsin Potato and Vegetable Growers Association. This work was supported in part by a grant from USDA-NIFA and the University of Wisconsin-Madison College of Agriculture and Life Sciences.
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Rak, K., Palta, J.P. Influence of Mating Structure on Agronomic Performance, Chip Fry Color, and Genetic Distance Among Biparental Tetraploid Families. Am. J. Potato Res. 92, 518–535 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-015-9466-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-015-9466-4