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Field Evaluation of Potato Genotypes for Resistance to Powdery Scab on Tubers and Root Gall Formation Caused by Spongospora subterranea

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Abstract

Spongospora subterranea causes root galls and powdery scab on potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.). Host resistance represents an economically suitable and long term approach for the management of the disease; however, the relationship between root and tuber symptoms may vary across potato genotypes. To assess susceptibility differences among genotypes, 30 potato cultivars and 83 advanced clones with varying skin type (market class) were evaluated for powdery scab and root gall formation. Five field experiments were conducted during 2011 and 2012 on naturally infested soils in Minnesota and North Dakota. Differences among genotypes in the degree of susceptibility to tuber and root symptoms were observed (P < 0.001, n = 33 to 80). Higher powdery scab pressure (P < 0.001, n = 90) was observed in North Dakota locations across years. Environmental conditions influenced the formation of root galls and the expression of powdery scab, with greatest variability among white- and red-skinned genotypes. Under high disease pressure, the estimates of broad-sense heritability for powdery scab incidence and severity were 0.76 and 0.63, respectively. Across environments, russet-skinned genotypes resulted in less disease on tubers, but yielded similar levels of root galls as red-skinned genotypes. Tuber scab and root gall formation indices were significantly associated (r = 0.42, P < 0.001, n = 80); however, high levels of disease in roots were observed in genotypes ranked resistant to powdery scab. Cultivars Dakota Trailblazer, Dakota Russet and Karu ranked highly resistant, whereas Shepody, Kennebec and Red LaSoda were highly susceptible to both phases of the disease. Cultivar selection is highly recommended for disease management.

Resumen

Spongospora subterranea causa sarna polvorienta y agallas en tubérculos y raíces de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.). La resistencia del hospedante representa una alternativa económica y duradera para el manejo de la enfermedad; sin embargo, la relación entre síntomas en raíces y tubérculos puede variar entre genotipos de papas. Con el fin de evaluar diferencias en susceptibilidad a la sarna polvorienta y la formación de agallas entre genotipos, 30 cultivares de papa y 83 clones avanzados con diferentes tipos de piel (clase comercial) fueron evaluados. Durante los años 2011 y 2012 se llevaron a cabo un total de cinco experimentos de campo en Minnesota y Dakota del Norte. Diferencias en el grado de susceptibilidad a la sarna polvorienta y la formación de agallas fueron observadas entre genotipos de papa (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, n = 33 a 80). En Dakota del Norte, la presión de la sarna polvorita fue mayor a través de los años (P < 0.001, n = 45). Las condiciones ambientales influenciaron la formación de agallas y la expresión de la sarna polvorienta, observándose la mayor variabilidad en cultivares de piel blanca y roja. Bajo alta presión de enfermedad, los estimados de heredabilidad en sentido amplio para la incidencia y severidad de la sarna polvorienta fueron de 0.76 y 0.63, respectivamente. A través de los ambientes, los genotipos de piel arrosetada desarrollaron poca enfermedad en tubérculos, pero los niveles de agallas radicales fueron similares a los observados en genotipos de piel roja. La correlación entre índices de sarna en tubérculos y formación de raíces fue significativa (r = 0.42, P < 0.001, n = 80); sin embargo, altos niveles de enfermedad en raíz fueron observados en genotipos con resistencia a sarna polvorienta. Los cultivares Dakota Trailblazer, Dakota Russet y Karu fueron catalogados altamente resistentes, mientras Shepody, Kennebec y Red LaSoda fueron altamente susceptibles a ambas fases de la enfermedad. La selección del cultivar se recomienda para el manejo de la enfermedad.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for technical assistance offered by Viviana Rivera, Dean Peterson and Russell Benz of the Plant Pathology Department of North Dakota State University. Portions of this project were funded by the Northern Plains Potato Growers Association and the US Potato Board.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA

    Francisco G. Bittara, Neil C. Gudmestad & Gary A. Secor

  2. Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA

    Asunta L. Thompson

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  1. Francisco G. Bittara
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  2. Asunta L. Thompson
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Correspondence to Gary A. Secor.

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Bittara, F.G., Thompson, A.L., Gudmestad, N.C. et al. Field Evaluation of Potato Genotypes for Resistance to Powdery Scab on Tubers and Root Gall Formation Caused by Spongospora subterranea . Am. J. Potato Res. 93, 497–508 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-016-9526-4

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