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Phase I and phase II metabolite identification of rutaecarpine in freshly isolated hepatocytes from male Sprague–Dawley rats

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Abstract

Rutaecarpine, an alkaloid originally isolated from Evodia rutaecarpa, has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in Asia. In the present study, the phase I and phase II metabolites of rutaecarpine were investigated in freshly isolated hepatocytes from male Sprague–Dawley rats. The individual metabolites were characterized via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The incubation of rutaecarpine with freshly isolated hepatocytes for 2 h yielded five major phase I metabolites. In addition, three glucuronide conjugates and four sulfate conjugates were observed. Because the majority of metabolites observed in vivo were identified, freshly isolated hepatocytes might be useful for the identification of certain metabolites formed from drug candidates from a reduced number of experimental animals.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2013R1A2A2A07067609) and from Yeungnam University (214-A-345-027).

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea

      Dong Wook Lee, Youra Kang, Mi Jeong Kang, Keumhan Noh, Ju Hyun Kim, Mahesh R. Nepal, Rajina Shakya, Yu-Jeong Lee, Yurngdong Jahng, Jung-Ae Kim & Tae Cheon Jeong

    2. College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea

      Sangkyu Lee

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    1. Dong Wook Lee
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    Correspondence to Tae Cheon Jeong.

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    Dong Wook Lee and Youra Kang have contributed equally for this work.

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    Lee, D.W., Kang, Y., Kang, M.J. et al. Phase I and phase II metabolite identification of rutaecarpine in freshly isolated hepatocytes from male Sprague–Dawley rats. Arch. Pharm. Res. 40, 972–979 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-017-0937-7

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