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Technology of Early Szeletian leaf point shaping: a refitting approach

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Abstract

The most precise method for reconstructing operational chains (chaîne opératoire) is the refitting of stone artefacts. Unfortunately, the sequences for forming a typical Szeletian artefact—a leaf point—were missing for a long time. Finds from the multilayer open-air site of Moravský Krumlov IV (Czech Republic) brought a unique opportunity to study Szeletian technology through refittings. The excavations of this site uncovered an in situ horizon in the uppermost archaeological layer 0 in sector IV-3 that has been classified as a workshop. On the basis of both technology and dating, the finds are related to the Szeletian. Spatial distribution of bifacial artefact refittings shows that pieces were produced in two distinct spots within the excavated area. An analysis of their deposition indicated an in situ position, and therefore, results of the technological analysis can be understood as significant. Refittings and surface morphological analyses demonstrate a specific manner of leaf point production based primarily on achieving a maximum reduction in thickness and a minimum reduction of their length and, especially, width. Although incomplete and unsuccessful artefacts are reminiscent of the Middle Palaeolithic Micoquian backed knives, the general production strategy tended towards the manufacture of rather symmetrical leaf points. It seems probable, therefore, that the described method of production of leaf points is characteristic for the Early Szeletian in Moravia.

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Notes

  1. The method of artefact orientation measurement proposed by McPherron (2005) was not applied during the excavation.

  2. Only UMS in Nerudová–Neruda 2017

  3. For leaf point production, M. Kot (2014) described in detail three stages in which case the designation of stages 1 and 2 is partly shifted within the Migal–Urbanowski model (2008).

  4. The exact position of the flake was not measured.

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Acknowledgements

This paper was financially supported by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic through institutional financing of the long-term conceptual development of the research institution (the Moravian Museum, MK000094862) for the years 2019-2023. The workshop “The Big Puzzle 30 years after: A multidisciplinary, shared, Palaeolithic perspective” was kindly supported by the Wenner-Gren Foundation Ref: Gr CONF-737.

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  1. Moravian Museum – Historical Museum, Anthropos Institute, Zelný trh 6, 659 37, Brno, Czech Republic

    Petr Neruda

  2. Moravian Museum – Historical Museum, Centre for Cultural Anthropology, Zelný trh 6, 659 37, Brno, Czech Republic

    Zdeňka Nerudová

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  1. Petr Neruda
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Correspondence to Petr Neruda.

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Neruda, P., Nerudová, Z. Technology of Early Szeletian leaf point shaping: a refitting approach. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 11, 4515–4538 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-019-00818-3

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