Abstract
A smart home is a residence equipped with technologies that facilitate monitoring of residents, promote independence and increase the quality of life. In general, smart homes are used to control the operations of the home environment and, to automatically adapt it to its inhabitants’ needs. The smart home reasoning system (SHRS) is in charge of determining the automatic control and adaptation operations of the home system. Recently, there has been extensive research concerning different aspects of the SHRS. However, there is a clear lack of systematic investigation targeted at these systems. To close the gap, this paper explores the SHRS domain. For this reason, we applied the systematic literature review (SLR) method by conducting automatic and manual searches on six electronic databases, and in-depth analysis of 135 literature. From the SRL, this paper identifies about 43% of smart homes are designed to provide general home automation services. It also presents twelve major requirements of an SHRS. In addition, the study finds out that 55.5% of the research contributions in SHRS domain are conceptual and, 51.5% of them are based on symbolic artificial intelligence techniques. Further, it characterizes the usage and application trends of different reasoning techniques in smart home domain and, evaluates the major assumptions, strengths, and limitations of the proposed systems in the literature. Additionally, it discusses the challenges of reasoning in ambient assisted living environments. Finally, it underlines in the importance of utilizing hybrid reasoning approaches and the need to handle overlapping, simultaneous and conflicting multiple inhabitants’ activities and goals.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
ACM End-user policy specifically prohibits automatic downloading of articles.
The set of related keywords was defined according to the reviewers’ subjective knowledge and experience on the field.
References
Abdeen Mustafa O (2008) Energy, environment and sustainable development. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 12(9):2265–2300
Acampora G, Loia V, Vitiello A (2011) Distributing emotional services in ambient intelligence through cognitive agents. Serv Orient Comput Appl 5(1):17–35
Ahmed B, Abdelouahed G, Kazar O (2017) Semantic-based approach to context management in ubiquitous environment. Proc Comput Sci 109:592–599
Alhafidh BM, Allen W (2016) Design and simulation of a smart home managed by an intelligent self-adaptive system. Int J Eng Res Appl 6(8):64–90
Alirezaie M, Renoux J, Köckemann U, Kristoffersson A, Karlsson L, Blomqvist E, Tsiftes N, Voigt T, Loutfi A (2017) An ontology-based context-aware system for smart homes: E-care@ home. Sensors 17(7):1586
Al-Muhtadi J, Ranganathan A, Campbell R, Mickunas MD (2003) Cerberus: a context-aware security scheme for smart spaces. In: Proceedings of the first IEEE international conference on pervasive computing and communications (PerCom 2003). IEEE, pp 489–496
Alshammari N, Alshammari T, Sedky M, Champion J, Bauer C (2017) Openshs: open smart home simulator. Sensors 17(5):1003
Antunes M, Gomes D, Aguiar R (2013) Towards behaviour inference in smart environments. In: 2013 Conference on future internet communications (CFIC). IEEE, pp 1–8
Augusto JC, Liu J, McCullagh P, Wang H, Yang J-B (2008) Management of uncertainty and spatio-temporal aspects for monitoring and diagnosis in a smart home. Int J Comput Intell Syst 1(4):361–378
Brereton P, Kitchenham BA, Budgen D, Turner M, Khalil M (2007) Lessons from applying the systematic literature review process within the software engineering domain. J Syst Softw 80(4):571–583
Calvaresi D, Cesarini D, Sernani P, Marinoni M, Dragoni AF, Sturm A (2017) Exploring the ambient assisted living domain: a systematic review. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 8(2):239–257
Carner P (2009) Beyond home automation: designing more effective smart home systems. In: 9th. IT & T conference, p 14
Chahuara P, Portet F, Vacher M (2017) Context-aware decision making under uncertainty for voice-based control of smart home. Expert Syst Appl 75:63–79
Chan M, Estève D, Escriba C, Campo E (2008) A review of smart homes-present state and future challenges. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 91(1):55–81
Chen L, Nugent CD, Mulvenna M, Finlay D, Hong X, Poland M (2008) A logical framework for behaviour reasoning and assistance in a smart home. Int J Assist Robot Mechatron 9(4):20–34
Chen L, Nugent C, Al-Bashrawi A (2009) Semantic data management for situation-aware assistance in ambient assisted living. In: Proceedings of the 11th international conference on information integration and web-based applications & services. ACM, pp 298–305
Chen, C, Das B, Cook DJ (2010a) A data mining framework for activity recognition in smart environments. In: 2010 Sixth international conference on intelligent environments. IEEE, pp 80–83
Chen YS, Chen IC, Chang W (2010b) Context-aware services based on OSGI for smart homes. In: 2010 3rd IEEE international conference on UBI-media computing (u-media), vol 11, p 392
Corno F, Razzak F (2012) Intelligent energy optimization for user intelligible goals in smart home environments. IEEE Trans Smart Grid 3(4):2128–2135
Dahmen J, Thomas BL, Cook DJ, Wang X (2017) Activity learning as a foundation for security monitoring in smart homes. Sensors 17(4):737
Das B, Chen C, Dasgupta N, Cook DJ, Seelye AM (2010) Automated prompting in a smart home environment. In: 2010 IEEE international conference on data mining workshops (ICDMW). IEEE, pp 1045–1052
Degeler V, Lazovik A (2013) Dynamic constraint reasoning in smart environments. In: 2013 IEEE 25th international conference on tools with artificial intelligence (ICTAI). IEEE, pp 167–174
Degeler V, Curry E (2014) Human-assisted rule satisfaction in partially observable environments. In: 2014 IEEE 11th international conference on ubiquitous intelligence and computing, IEEE 11th international conference on and autonomic and trusted computing, IEEE 14th international conference on scalable computing and communications and its associated workshops (UTC-ATC-ScalCom). IEEE, pp 171–178
Demiris G, Hensel BK (2008) Technologies for an aging society: a systematic review of “smart home” applications. Yearb Med Inform 17(01):33–40
Doebel C, Ament C (2014) Enkos—a smart home control system basing on learning classifier systems. IFAC Proc Vol 47(3):1465–1470
Falcionelli N, Sernani P, Brugués A, Mekuria DN, Calvaresi D, Schumacher M, Dragoni AF, Bromuri S (2018) Indexing the event calculus: towards practical human-readable personal health systems. Artif Intell Med 96:154–166
Gayathri KS, Easwarakumar KS (2016) Intelligent decision support system for dementia care through smart home. Proc Comput Sci 93:947–955
Gokul V, Kannan P, Kumar S, Jacob SG (2016) Deep q-learning for home automation. Int J Comput Appl 152(6):1–5
Hui TKL, Sherratt RS, Sánchez DD (2017) Major requirements for building smart homes in smart cities based on internet of things technologies. Future Gen Comput Syst 76:358–369
Jakkula V, Cook D (2011) Detecting anomalous sensor events in smart home data for enhancing the living experience. In: Workshops at the twenty-fifth AAAI conference on artificial intelligence
Kabir MH, Hoque MR, Seo H, Yang S-H (2015) Machine learning based adaptive context-aware system for smart home environment. Int J Smart Home 9(11):55–62
Kitchenham B (2004) Procedures for performing systematic reviews. Keele UK Keele Univ 33(2004):1–26
Lee H, Choi JS, Elmasri R (2009) A dynamic evidential network for multisensor context reasoning in home-based care. In: IEEE international conference on systems, man and cybernetics, 2009. SMC 2009. IEEE, pp 4994–4999
Li C, Suna L, Hua X (2012) A context-aware lighting control system for smart meeting rooms. Syst Eng Proc 4:314–323
Lim CH, Anthony P, Fan LC (2009) Applying multi-agent system in a context aware smart home. Learning 24:53–64
Liu L, Stroulia E, Nikolaidis I, Miguel-Cruz A, Rincon AR (2016) Smart homes and home health monitoring technologies for older adults: a systematic review. Int J Med Inform 91:44–59
Lu Z, Augusto J, Liu J, Wang H (2012) A linguistic truth-value temporal reasoning (ltr) system and its application to the design of an intelligent environment. Int J Comput Intell Syst 5(1):173–196
Lu C-H, Wu C-L, Weng M-Y, Chen W-C, Fu L-C (2017) Context-aware energy saving system with multiple comfort-constrained optimization in m2m-based home environment. IEEE Trans Autom Sci Eng 14(3):1400–1414
Marschollek M (2012) Decision support at home (ds@ home)-system architectures and requirements. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 12(1):43
Mekuria DN, Sernani P, Falcionelli N, Dragoni AF (2018) Reasoning in multi-agent based smart homes: a systematic literature review. In: Proceedings of the 9th Italian ambient assisted forum. Springer
Ni Q, García Hernando AB, Pau de la Cruz I (2016) A context-aware system infrastructure for monitoring activities of daily living in smart home. J Sens 2016:9493047
Panagiotou C, Panagiotakopoulos T, Kameas A (2015) A multi: modal decision making system for an ambient assisted living environment. In: Proceedings of the 8th ACM international conference on PErvasive technologies related to assistive environments. ACM, p 44
Qela B, Mouftah HT (2012) Observe, learn, and adapt (ola)-an algorithm for energy management in smart homes using wireless sensors and artificial intelligence. IEEE Transn Smart Grid 3(4):2262–2272
Ray A, Kumar Leng Gang, McGinnity T Martin, Coleman Sonya A, Maguire Liam P (2013) Dynamically reconfigurable online self-organising fuzzy neural network with variable number of inputs for smart home application. In: IJCCI, pp 507–514
Sanchez A, Tercero R, Saldaña D, Burnell-Ball L (2009) Sdbi: an ontology based smart home lab environment. In: Proceedings WILE-8th MICAI, pp 217–226
Sernani P, Claudi A, Calvaresi P, Accattoli D, Tofani R, Dragoni AF (2014) Using 3d simulators for the ambient assisted living. In: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on artificial intelligence and assistive medicine, vol 1213. Citeseer, pp 16–20
Si H, Kawahara Y, Morikawa H, Aoyama T (2005) A stochastic approach for creating context-aware services based on context histories in smart home. Cognit Sci Res Pap Univ Sussex CSRP 577:37
Sianaki OA, Masoum MAS (2013) A fuzzy topsis approach for home energy management in smart grid with considering householders’ preferences. In: 2013 IEEE PES innovative smart grid technologies conference (ISGT). IEEE, pp 1–6
Sukanya P, Gayathri KS (2013) An unsupervised pattern clustering approach for identifying abnormal user behaviors in smart homes. Int J Comput Sci Netw 2(3):2277–5420
Tiberghien T, Mokhtari M, Aloulou H, Biswas J (2012) Semantic reasoning in context-aware assistive environments to support ageing with dementia. In: International semantic web conference. Springer, pp 212–227
Vainio AM, Valtonen M, Vanhala J (2006) Learning and adaptive fuzzy control system for a smart home. In: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Ambient Intelligence Developments. Springer, pp 28–47
Van Solingen R (2002) The goal/question/metric approach. Encycl Softw Eng 2:578–583
Van Nguyen T, Kim JG, Choi D (2009a) Iss: the interactive smart home simulator. In: 2009 11th international conference on advanced communication technology, vol 3. IEEE, pp 1828–1833
Van Nguyen T, Woo YC, Choi D (2009b) CCBR: chaining case based reasoning in context-aware smart home. In: 2009 First asian conference on intelligent information and database systems. IEEE, pp 453–458
Van Nguyen T, Lim W, Nguyen H, Choi D, Lee C (2010) Context ontology implementation for smart home. arXiv preprint arXiv:1007.1273
Velasco JR, Marsá-Maestre I, Navarro A, López-Carmona MA, de Vicente AJ, De La Hoz E, Paricio A, Machuca M (2005) Location-aware services and interfaces in smart homes using multiagent systems. PSC 5:104–110
Velik R, Zucker G, Dietrich D (2011) Towards automation 2.0: a neurocognitive model for environment recognition, decision-making, and action execution. EURASIP J Embed Syst 2011:4
Vivekananthan C, Mishra Y, Li F (2015) Real-time price based home energy management scheduler. IEEE Trans Power Syst 30(4):2149–2159
Wilson C, Hargreaves T, Hauxwell-Baldwin R (2015) Smart homes and their users: a systematic analysis and key challenges. Pers Ubiquit Comput 19(2):463–476
Xiao B, Chen L, Liu M, Cao Y, Yang Y (2015) Design and implementation of rule-based uncertainty reasoning in smart house. In: 2015 IEEE 16th international conference on communication technology (ICCT). IEEE, pp 441–448
Xu B, Ge Y, Chen J, Chen Z, Ling Y (2012) Elderly personal safety monitoring in smart home based on host space and travelling pattern identification. Inf Technol J 11(8):1063–1069
Youngblood GM, Cook DJ, Holder LB (2005) Managing adaptive versatile environments. Pervasive Mobile Comput 1(4):373–403
Zhang S, McClean S, Scotney B, Nugent C (2008) Learning under uncertainty in smart home environments. In: Engineering in medicine and biology society, 2008. EMBS 2008. 30th Annual international conference of the IEEE. IEEE, pp 2083–2086
Zhang S, McCullagh P, Nugent C, Zheng H, Black N (2013) An ontological framework for activity monitoring and reminder reasoning in an assisted environment. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 4(2):157–168
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mekuria, D.N., Sernani, P., Falcionelli, N. et al. Smart home reasoning systems: a systematic literature review. J Ambient Intell Human Comput 12, 4485–4502 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-019-01572-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-019-01572-z