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Submersion simulation in a typical debris flow watershed of Jianzhuangchuan catchment, Loess Plateau

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Abstract

Debris flow is one of the most serious and frequent geological disasters that occur in the Loess Plateau. The outbreak of a debris flow is sudden, ferocious, swift, and destructive. The characteristics and mechanism of debris flow were explored in this study via survey, numerical simulation, and simulation analysis in a Loess Plateau area (Huangling County, Shaanxi Province, China). Numerical models and formulas corresponding to the occurrence and movement mechanism were established based on the HEC-RAS, HEC-GeoRAS, and SWAT results. The range of debris flow deposition was determined through capturing the debris flow free surface. A hydrological model and critical rainfall threshold were determined in order to provide technical support for debris flow forecasting in the Loess Plateau. The results suggest that 10-year floods do not submerge any portion of the basin. One village area was affected by the 100-year flood (total area of 0.648 km2) while four villages areas were submerged by the 1000-year flood (total area of 1.39 km2). The method presented here may provide a reliable scientific basis for mitigating loss due to debris flow hazards.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the support from the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (Grant No. 2014CB744700); National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41130753, 41672255, 41302250, and 4167020392); and Project of Science and Technology of Social Development in Shaanxi Province (Grant No. 2016SF-411). The authors are also grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments to polish the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710054, Shaanxi, China

    Jianbing Peng & Yuxiang Cheng

  2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an, 710054, Shaanxi, China

    Aidi Huo, Jian Dang, Hong Wei, Xiaofan Wang & Chongyi Li

  3. Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region (Chang’an University), Ministry of Education, Xi’an, 710054, Shaanxi, China

    Aidi Huo

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  1. Jianbing Peng
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  4. Jian Dang
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  5. Hong Wei
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Correspondence to Aidi Huo.

Additional information

This article is a part of a Topical Collection in Environmental Earth Sciences on Water resources development and protection in loess areas of the world, edited by Drs. Peiyue Li and Hui Qian.

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Peng, J., Huo, A., Cheng, Y. et al. Submersion simulation in a typical debris flow watershed of Jianzhuangchuan catchment, Loess Plateau. Environ Earth Sci 76, 462 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-017-6797-0

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