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Numerical simulations and comparative analysis for two types of storm surges in the Bohai Sea using a coupled atmosphere-ocean model

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Abstract

The Bohai Sea is extremely susceptible to storm surges induced by extratropical storms and tropical cyclones in nearly every season. In order to relieve the impacts of storm surge disasters on structures and human lives in coastal regions, it is very important to understand the occurring of the severe storm surges. The previous research is mostly restricted to a single type of storm surge caused by extratropical storm or tropical cyclone. In present paper, a coupled atmosphere-ocean model is developed to study the storm surges induced by two types of extreme weather conditions. Two special cases happened in the Bohai Sea are simulated successively. The wind intensity and minimum sea-level pressure derived from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model agree well with the observed data. The computed time series of water level obtained from the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) also are in good agreement with the tide gauge observations. The structures of the wind fields and average currents for two types of storm surges are analyzed and compared. The results of coupled model are compared with those from the uncoupled model. The case studies indicate that the wind field and structure of the ocean surface current have great differences between extratropical storm surge and typhoon storm surge. The magnitude of storm surge in the Bohai Sea is shown mainly determined by the ocean surface driving force, but greatly affected by the coastal geometry and bathymetry.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to NCAR, which is responsible for the WRF model. The authors are also grateful to Rutgers University and University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), which are responsible for the ROMS model. Furthermore, the open-source package named ‘wrf_roms-1.2.tar.gz’ provides a favorable technique foundation for developing WRF-ROMS coupling system. The MCT is accessible from http://www.mcs.anl.gov/research/projects/mct and the SCRIP can be obtained from http://oceans11.lanl.gov/trac/SCRIP. The ERA-Interim/ECMWF reanalysis data used in present work is available from https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/datasets/reanalysis-datasets/era-interim.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tianjin Centre, China Geological Survey, Tianjin, 300170, China

    Yong Li, Xingyu Jiang, Jianfen Li & Lizhu Tian

  2. Key Laboratory of Coast Geo-environment, China Geological Survey, Tianjin, 300170, China

    Yong Li, Xingyu Jiang, Jianfen Li & Lizhu Tian

  3. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Safety and Energy Saving Technology for Water Supply Network System, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China

    Xin Chen

Authors
  1. Yong Li
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  2. Xin Chen
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  3. Xingyu Jiang
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  4. Jianfen Li
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  5. Lizhu Tian
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lizhu Tian.

Additional information

Foundation item: The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41372173 and 51609244; the Geological Survey Projects of China Geological Survey under contract No. 121201006000182401.

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Li, Y., Chen, X., Jiang, X. et al. Numerical simulations and comparative analysis for two types of storm surges in the Bohai Sea using a coupled atmosphere-ocean model. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 38, 35–47 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-019-1383-9

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