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Sexual difference in antennal sensilla abundance, density and size in Callosobruchus rhodesianus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae)

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Abstract

Sexual difference in antennal sensilla size and per area density has rarely been studied in insects. The bruchine seed beetle Callosobruchus rhodesianus (Pic) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) is distributed over Central and Southern Africa and is a pest of stored legume seeds, especially cowpeas Vigna unguiculata. Here, we study the type, abundance, morphology and per area density of antennal sensilla on each antennal segment and their sexual differences in C. rhodesianus. The antennae of normal individuals consist of the scape, pedicel and nine flagellomeres as in other congeneric species. Sizes of most antennomeres are larger in males than in females. We observed the following eight different types of antennal sensilla: sensilla trichodea types 1 and 2 (ST1, ST2), sensilla cavitae (SCa), sensilla chaetica (SC), sensilla basiconica types 1, 2 and 3 (SB1, SB2, SB3) and Böhm bristles (BB). The SCa is found on all antennomeres unlike in congeners (C. chinensis and C. maculatus). The ST1, the most numerous and longest antennal sensilla type, is denser and thinner in females than in males but more abundant in males than in females. Since the ST1 is considered to serve as a chemoreceptor, the sexual difference in the ST1 may benefit males in searching for mates.

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Acknowledgments

This study was performed as part of the PhD research of KF and was supported by Grants-in-Aid from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (KAKENHI 23405008 and 25430194) to MT. We thank S. Yanagi for his comments on the earlier version of the manuscript. We also thank M. Watanabe at the Center of Advanced Instrumental Analysis, Kyushu University, for her technical assistance.

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Author notes

  1. Gen Sakurai

    Present address: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan

    Katsuto Fukuda

  2. Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan

    Aya Yanagawa

  3. Institute of Biological Control, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan

    Midori Tuda & Gen Sakurai

  4. Laboratory of Insect Natural Enemies, Department of Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan

    Midori Tuda

  5. Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan

    Satoshi Kamitani

  6. Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan

    Naruto Furuya

Authors
  1. Katsuto Fukuda
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  2. Aya Yanagawa
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  3. Midori Tuda
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Correspondence to Midori Tuda.

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Fukuda, K., Yanagawa, A., Tuda, M. et al. Sexual difference in antennal sensilla abundance, density and size in Callosobruchus rhodesianus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae). Appl Entomol Zool 51, 641–651 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-016-0441-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-016-0441-4

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