Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of Submillimeter Variation in Plunge Depth on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of FSLW 2A12 Aluminum Alloy Joints

  • Published:
Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) Aims and scope

Abstract

Friction stir lap welding was conducted on 2 mm + 2 mm sheets of aluminum alloy 2A12-T4. The plunge depth (PLD) was designed as 2.45–2.58 mm, which was varied in submillimeters as 2.45, 2.50, 2.53, 2.55, and 2.58 mm, and the axial force was recorded in the welding process. The results show that the PLD fluctuation in submillimeters causes significant variation in the axial force and affects the voids (i.e., Void I and Void II), hook, and effective sheet thickness (EST), among which Void I is the main factor that affects the EST. The fracture load–PLD function in the tensile shear test of the joints follows the rule of the EST–PLD function. An optimized PLD is approximately 2.55 mm, at which the EST reaches 1.71 mm, corresponding to a peak fracture load of 11.03 kN. Thus, a PLD of 2.55 mm is suggested with a tolerance of 0.02 mm, corresponding to a fracture load of 9.6–11.0 kN, i.e., within a fluctuation of 12%.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Z.W. Li, Y.M. Yue, S.D. Ji, P. Chai, Z.L. Zhou, Mater. Des. 90, 244 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Y.X. Huang, L. Wan, X.Q. Si, T.F. Huang, X.C. Meng, Y.M. Xie, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 50, 296 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Y.X. Huang, L. Wan, X.C. Meng, Y.M. Xie, Z.L. Lv, L. Zhou, J. Manuf. Process. 35, 424 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. H.J. Liu, Y.Q. Zhao, Y.Y. Hu, S.X. Chen, Z. Lin, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 78, 1416 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  5. N.Z. Khan, A.N. Siddiquee, Z.A. Khan, J. Alloys Compd. 648, 366 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. P. Upadhyay, A.P. Reynolds, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 558, 396 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Y.G. Kim, H. Fujii, T. Tsumura, T. Komazaki, K. Nakata, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 415, 253 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  8. N.Z. Khan, A.N. Siddiquee, Z.A. Khan, Measurement 129, 112 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. M. Dehghani, A. Amadeh, S.A.A. Mousavi, Mater. Des. 49, 434 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Z.H. Ge, S.S. Gao, S.D. Ji, D.J. Yan, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 98, 1462 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  11. J.M. Tang, Y.H. Shen, Alloys Compd. 666, 498 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  12. S. Zhang, Q.Y. Shi, Q. Liu, R.S. Xie, G. Zhang, G.Q. Chen, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 125, 34 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Y.M. Yue, Z.W. Li, S.D. Ji, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 32, 671 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. S.K. Zou, S.Y. Ma, C.M. Liu, C. Chen, L.M. Ma, J.P. Lu, J. Guo, Metals 7, 1 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. S.B. Aziz, M.W. Dewan, D.J. Huggett, M.A. Wahab, A.M. Okeil, T.W. Liao, Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.) 29, 871 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. H.Y. Chen, F. Li, L. Pei, F.J. Liu, Mater. Charact. 125, 163 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. G.Q. Wang, Y.H. Zhao, Y.F. Hao, J. Mater. Sci. Techol. 34, 73 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. G.K. Padhy, C.S. Wu, S. Gao, J. Mater. Sci. Techol. 34, 2 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  19. J. Zhang, X.S. Feng, J.S. Gao, H. Huang, Z.Q. Ma, L.J. Guo, J. Mater. Sci. Techol. 34, 225 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  20. B.T. Gibson, D.H. Lammlein, T.J. Prater, W.R. Longhurst, C.D. Cox, M.C. Ballun, K.J. Dharmaraj, G.E. Cook, A.M. Strauss, J. Manuf. Process. 16, 64 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. S. Zhao, Q.Z. Bi, Y.H. Wang, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 85, 2628 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  22. A. Fehrenbacher, C.B. Smith, N.A. Duffie, N.J. Ferrier, F.E. Pfefferkorn, M.R. Zinn, J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 136, 021007 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. J.G. Ren, L. Wang, D.K. Xu, L.Y. Xie, Z.C. Zhang, Acta. Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.) 30, 230 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Y.C. Lin, Y.C. Xia, Y.Q. Jiang, H.M. Zhou, L.T. Li, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 565, 420 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr. Junmiao Shi for his guidance in the Introduction, Dr. Feng Jin for his logical proof, and Ms. Xujing Nan for her graphing assistance.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China

    Dan Chen, Jinglong Li & Jiangtao Xiong

  2. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China

    Dan Chen, Jinglong Li & Zhejun Tan

  3. AVIC Manufacture Technology Institute, Beijing, 100024, China

    Huaxia Zhao

Authors
  1. Dan Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jinglong Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Huaxia Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Zhejun Tan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jiangtao Xiong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jinglong Li.

Additional information

Available online at http://link.springer.com/journal/40195.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chen, D., Li, J., Zhao, H. et al. Effect of Submillimeter Variation in Plunge Depth on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of FSLW 2A12 Aluminum Alloy Joints. Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.) 33, 165–171 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-019-00981-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-019-00981-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation